Isolation , Identification and Biological Activities of the Flavonoids of Cassia kordofania,Cassia italica and Cassia occidentalis

Abstract

This work involved studies on three species belonging to the large genus Cassia which grow in Sudan and kingdom of Saudi Arabia. These species are: Cassia Kordofania ,Cassia italica and Cassia occidentalis. It was decided to study the above mentioned species hoping to isolate new phytochemicals and investigating their biological potential . In this thesis general materials, equipments used , solvent systems and experimental procedures are mentioned as well as phytochemical screening of the studied plants, preparation of various reagents, extraction, isolation and purification procedures. The introduction part includes a literature review of natural products , flavonoids and taxonomy of Cassia Kordofania ,Cassia italica and Cassia occidentalis . Materials and methods includes all materials, equipments and techniques used in this study. In addition, the details of the biological evaluation, isolation and characterization of isolates are covered. Moreover, detailed preliminary phytochemical screening tests are also presented. Results and discussion includes characterization and structure elucidation of the isolated compounds . Detailed results for anti- inflammatory and anti-ulcer activities are presented within the biological investigation part. Four flavonoids, two from Cassia kordofania (Cs1 , Cs2), one from Cassia occidentalis ( Co1) and one from Cassia italica (Ci) were isolated and their structure elucidated: