Assessment of Sub-mucosal Layer Invasions for Esophageal Carcinoma Using CT

Abstract

v Abstract The following thesis is about an assessment of sub-mucosal invasions for esophageal carcinoma using CT. It has been carried out in 70 patients presented with ca. esophagus in Khartoum hospital, the summation of CT slice thickness taken to derive the tumor extension in submucosal as well the tumor size has been determine together with a CT number, histopathology and patients demography. The collected data has been analyzed using SPSS and it revealed that: the esophageal carcinoma is predominant among male relative to female with a percent of 71.4 and 28.6 respectively and the most susceptible segment of esophagus for carcinogenesis is the lower 3rd. with a percent of 54.3, then the middle 3rd. taking a percent of 37.1 and the minimum incidence observed in the upper 3rd. with a percent of 8.6, while the common histopathology type of esophageal carcinoma is the Adenocarcinoma that involve the lower 3rd. with 64.3% in contrast with other types such as squamous cell carcinoma SCCa and carcinoma insitu CaIns which representing 34.3% and 1.4% respectively. And the CT scan revealed that the adenocarcinoma type has an average CT number of 42.3 ± St. Dev 1.0 greater than that of SCCa which was 37.6 ± St. Dev 1.1. The distribution of ca esophagus in Sudan showed 27.1% in the East state, North of Sudan state 21.4% and 20% has been encountered in Khartoum. The study also showed that there is a linear proportional relationship between the tumor size and the sub-mucosal invasion in cm that fitted in the equation: = 1.6 + 1.5 where x refers to invasion profile in cm and y refers to tumor size in cm, while the correlation between the radiation field size and the tumor size was so weak (R2 = 0.05) and revealed that not all the tumor extension encompassed with the field size. The study also revealed that there is a linear reversed relationship between tumor size in cm and the esophageal lumen percent as well as when the lumen diameter decreased to 1.3 cm, everyone could have solid food or regular diet dysphagia.