Estimation of Plasma lipids profile among Sudanese patients with Type2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

A descriptive cross sectional study conducted during the period from February 2013 to august 2013 to determine and to evaluate serum lipids profile level in Sudanese with type 2 diabetes mellitus. one hundred patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected as a test group from Jabir Abulizz Diabetes Centre in Khartoum state. In addition to fifty healthy apparently as controlgroup. Age and gender were matched spectrophotometric methods were used for measuring plasma glucose, and serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 11.5) computer software was used for data analysis. This study showed significant raised ofmeans serum of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL- Clevel of the test group when compared with the control group with p. value (0.000, 0.020, 0.013). Whereas, serum HDL-C levels of the test group showed a significant reduction when compared with that of the control groupwith P. value (0.021). Serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, level among diabetic patients with hypertension were significantly raised when compared with those without with p. value (0.000 , 0.000,0.000).Whereas, serum HDL-Clevelsamong diabetic patients with hypertension were found to be significantly decreased when compared with diabetics without these diseases with P. value (0.006). Serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C levels, among diabetic patients with liver disease were significantly raised when compared with those without with P .value (0.017,0.022,0.010 ). Whereas, serum HDL-C among diabetic patients with liver disease were found to be significantly decreased when compared with diabetics without these diseases with P.value( 0.024). The current study indicated significant strong positive correlations between the duration of diabetes (in year) and the serum levels of, total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglycerides ( r=0.729, 0.730, 0.730) .whereas there was significant moderate reveres correlation between the duration of type 2 diabetes (year) and the serum levels of HDL-C (r= -634). Also, there was a significant strong positive correlation between the body mass index (BMI) of diabetic patients and serum total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides level (r=0.79, 0.77,0.91) and also showed a significant strong negative correlation between the BMI of diabetic patients and the serum levels of HDL-C.(r= -0.70). In conclusion the current study indicated that the serum levels of lipids profile are important markers for evaluation of atherosclerosis, because they are significantly correlated with the duration of diabetes and BMI which are a risk factors for atherosclerotic disease, so they can be used as prognostic markers and for prediction of myocardial infarction and in follow up of diabetic patients especially in those with complications such as hypertension, lipid abnormalities and liver disease.