The Detection of Sickle Cell Disease and Trait among Messira Tribe in Western of Hejlij Area

Abstract

This was cross-sectional, analytical and prospective study conducted in El hejlij area during period of October 2008 to February 2009 .The study was aimed to determine the occurrence of Sickle cell disease and Sickle cell traits among Messira tribe. The study was carried out in 100 predetermined random samples: from Messira tribe (Old Omran). All Samples were tested for the hemoglobin S using Complete blood count(CBC), Sickling test and Hb-electrophoresis. Results were showed that the frequency of Hb SS was 12%, Hb AS was 35% and Hb AA was 53%. The conclusion of the study was that Hemoglobin levels in sickler patients (Hb SS) always under 12g/dl , and these patients were under 30 years of age .The frequency of Hb AS among consamuinity cousins was very high due to marriage between them and absent of education about sickle cell disease. The means of MCH in Sickle cell disease(SCD) was25.39pg, MCV was 87.15fl, MCHC was 31.97g/dl, PLT was 394×103. parameters were so close to the Sickle cell trait(SCT) which was MCV 77.03fl, MCH 24.62pg, MCHC 31.89g/dl, PLT238×103 .The difference was in WBC which was high in SCD, but normal in SCT. RBC and PCV were very low in SCD, normal in SCT. In Sickle cell trait patients Sickling test showed 36.4% negative results, and 63.6% positive results, which meant that Sickling test insignificant for detection of Sickle cell disease, but only Screening test.