Frequency of Sickle Cell Anaemia and Sickle Cell Trait among Patient Referred to Albuluk Hospital

Abstract

This study was descriptive cross sectional study, conducted in Albuluk hospital, during the period from September-2008 to January 2009. This study was aimed to determine the frequency of sickle cell anemia among patients referred to Albuluk hospital. The study was concerned with patients who have history of sickle cell anemia and with those who under diagnose by requesting complete blood counts (CBC), sickling test and hemoglobin electrophoresis for them. Hundred patients (49%male and 51%female) were informed about the study and agreement for participation was obtained. Venous blood 2.5ml in EDTA containers were investigated for complete blood counts (CBC), sickling test and hemoglobin electrophoresis. Fully automated hematological analyzer was used for (CBC), a reducing agent (Sodium meta bisulphate) was used for sickling test, hemoglobin electrophoresis was used to determine type of sickle cell anemia. The mean values of parameters were found as follow: The mean of hemoglobin concentration among sickle cell trait (AS) patients was found 11.8g/dl, while the mean of hemoglobin concentration among sickle cell disease (SS) patients was found 8.01g/dl. The mean of red blood cells (RBCs) among (AS-SS) patients was found 4.093×1012 c/l and 3.128×1012 c/l. The mean percentage of PCV in (AS, SS) patients was found 36.2%, 25.7%. • The mean of total white blood cells in (AS, SS) was found 5.620× patients 10 9 c/l and 19.760×109 c/l. The mean values of MCV, MCH and MCHC in (AS) were found (88.2, 32.4, and 36.2). The mean values of MCV, MCH and MCHC in SCD were found (83.8, 31.2. 25.7). The mean value of platelet count in (AS) was found 236.043×109 c/l, while the mean value was of platelet count in (SCD) was found 486.766×109 c/l. The results found that the frequency of sickle cell anemia among cases was 53% (23% Sickle cell trait and 30% Sickle cell disease) while 47% was normal.