Determination of Sickle Cell Trait in Patients Families from Western Sudan Referred to Gaffer Ibn Auf Hospital Khartoum State

Abstract

This study a hospital analytical, descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted to determine the sickle cell trait frequency in 12 families from Western Sudan referred to Gaffer Ibn Auf hospital in Khartoum state in the period from November 2008 to February 2009. Informed concent was taken from one hundred (100) individuals from 12 families from Western Sudan and 2.5 ml of venous blood in ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) container was collected from each and investigated for precence of HbS, complete blood count (CBC), sickling test and Hb electrophoresis. Fully automated haematological analyzer (Sysmex Kx 21N), Electrophoresis tank, power pack and statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) computer program version 13 for data processing and analysis were used. Participants in this study included 53 males and 47 females, sickling test showed (80%) positive and (20%) negative. Hb electrophoresis shown (57%) sickle cell trait, (23%) were sickle cell disease and (20%) had normal haemoglobin. The mean age of the sickle cell disease patients was ( 13.16) and sickle cell trait (31.48). And mean of haemoglobin concentration among the (Hb SS) patients was (7.56), while in (Hb AS) patients (11.8). The total leukocytes counts mean (11. 44 ) and platelets counts mean (434.6) in sickle cell disease while in sickle cell trait (7.54), (287.3) respectively. In conclusion, the sickle cell anaemia is high frequent in Western Sudan tribes due to consanguineous marriages, Meseria tribe had the highest percentage of sickle cell disease (26.09%) and sickle cell trait(17.54%) while Howsa tribe had the lowest frequency of sickle cell disease(4.35%) and sickle cell trait(5.26%) among this study population.