Evaluation of Contamination of Water and Deposits in Khartoum and Omdurman Drinking Water Reservoirs

Abstract

The study aims to estimate the rate of pollution caused by water storage for long periods in reservoirs, which leads to the deposition of large amounts of algae, sediment and silt in the bottom of the reservoirs of different kinds. Four samples were taken from the city of Khartoum, (river water denoted as sample 2), the city of Omdurman (well water denoted as sample 1), Khartoum North (river water3) and the city of Omdurman (river water4). As calcium(۲٫۰۹ &۲٫۹۸) and magnesium( ٦٫٥۱ &۷٫۳۱) percentages in sample (1) & sample (2) are of comparable values, loss due to carbonation is not considered. Samples were dried and crushed. Loss on ignition was determined by the standard method. Sample 1 showed high loss on ignition and sample 2 showed low loss on ignition. That is why sample 3 and 4 were excluded. Was to identify some different materials that may affect the acceptance Consumer of water. Combined oxides were determined by gravimetric and iron is determined by titration with potassium permanganate and aluminium by subtraction. Calcium and magnesium were determined by gravimetric analysis. Alkali metals were determined by flame photometer. Chemicals have been identified inorganic effects harmful to the health of the consumer. Manganese &Cadmium &lead determination by atomic absorption. Microbiological tests were carried in specialized labs, for BOD, COD and Total bacterial count.