Lipid Profile of Plasma in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Retinopathy in Khartoum State

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a very common complication of diabetes mellitus, leading to visual deficits and blindness around the world. A case control study conducted to measure serum lipid profile in diabetic patients with retinopathy. 50 samples were collected from diabetic patients with retinopathy in period between July to November 2017, chosen randomly from Alfaisal eye center, and 25 diabetic patients without retinopathy as control. Sherwood colorimeter 260 was used for measurement lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c and HDL-c) and results were analyzed using statistical of package social science (SPSS) computer program. This study showed that, in retinopathy total cholesterol and LDL-c were significantly increased when compared to a control group (mean+ SD: 174.5 +36.8 mg/dl versus 146.6+27.0mg/dl p.value = 0.00), (mean+ SD: 105.6+33.8 mg/dl versus 81.2+21.5 mg/dl p.value = 0.00) respectively. There were insignificant difference for HDL-C and triglycerides compared with control group (mean+ SD: 36.4 +8.4mg/dl versus 33.6+5.7 mg/dl, p.value =0.146), (mean+SD: 120.8+61.3 mg/dl versus96.4+38.4mg/dl, p.value =0.074) respectively. The result showed, there were no correlation between Cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL and duration of the disease (r=0.058, p-value=0.622), (r=-0.010, p-value=0.933), (r=0.045, p-value=0.703) respectively and there was insignificant weak negative correlation between HDL level and duration of disease (r=-0.235, p-value=0.043). Also there were no correlations between cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and age of diabetic retinopathy (r=0.077, p-value=0.514), (r=0.035, p-value=0.768), (r=0.081, p-value=0.489) respectively and there was significant weak negative correlation between HDL level and age of diabetic patients with retinopathy (r=-0.255, p-value=0.027). The study concluded that, there was significant increase in cholesterol and LDL-c in diabetic retinopathy.