Assessment of the serum levels of C – reactive Protein among SudanesePatients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

This study was performed in Khartoum state during the period from January to May 2011. The aim of the study is to compare the sensitivity of C – reactive protein and GFR as a marker of Diabetic Nephropathy in Sudanese with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Seventy five blood samples were collected from diabetic Sudanese patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and seventy five healthy volunteers control group for the comparison, GFR was calculated by using the equation of Cockcroft-Gault and CRP level was estimated turbidmetrically with automation technique (Mindary BS 300). The study observed significant increase in the C-reactive protein level in the test group of type 2 diabetes mellitus when compared with control group (4.56±o.89 mg/L verses 1.57±0.76 mg/L) respectively (P = 0.000). Where as GFR was significantly decreased in the study group when compared with control group (94.04±12.3 ml/min, verses 115.12 ±13.7 ml/min) respectively, (P = 0.000). Significant maximum level of C-reactive protein in the test group with type 2 diabetes mellitus was recorded in the duration of the disease from 1 year to 5 years (5.2±1.0mg/L, versus1.7±0.65mg/ L) (p = 0.000), In contrast, no significant decrease in mean GFR in the test group with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with their control in the same duration of the disease from 1 year to 5 years (99.74 ±11.38ml/min, versus115±13.2ml/min) (p =0.03). The study recorded insignificant correlation between serum C-reactive protein levels with both the duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the patient's age (P =0.647 )(P=0.846) In conclusion: CRP is higher in test group of type 2diabetes mellitus than in healthy individuals, and reached the peak maximum in the first five years from the onset of type2diabetes mellitus, In contrast, GFR reached the minimum reduction after sixteen years from the onset of the type 2 diabetes mellitus.