Red Cell Parameters and its Correlation with Hemoglobin Types in Sickle Cell Trait, Khartoum State, 2017

Abstract

Red blood cells of individuals with sickle cell traitcontain both Hb A and Hb S, but there is always more Hb A than Hb S. Sickle cell trait is not regarded as disease because complication is mild nevertheless some complication can developed like anemia, joint pain, weakness and abdominal pain. This study was aimed to study red cell parameters and its correlation with haemoglobin types in Sudanese with sickle cell trait. A total of 100 subjects were recruited for this study, 50 sickle cell trait individuals and 50 healthy volunteer as a control group. Blood sample were collected from all participants in EDTA containers. Patients’ data was collected by structured interview questionnaire and analysed by statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 20 Red cell parameters were measured by automated haematology analyzer. Capillary electrophoresis was used for quantitation of haemoglobin types. There was statistically significant decrease Hb concentration, PCV and red cell indices in sickle cell trait when compared to healthy controls. In sickle cell trait individuals mean of HbS percent was 39.1%, HbA was 57.0%, HbA2 was 2.9% and HbF was 0.7%. There was statistically significant positive correlation between HbS and Hb concentration and statistically negative correlation between HbA and Hb concentration. The correlation between each of HbF and HbA2 with Hb concentration was not statistically significant. There was no statistical difference between HbS and age, also no association between HbS and gender. In conclusion, red blood cells parameters were significantly lower in individuals with sickle cell trait than healthy controls, and there was statistically significant positive correlation between HbS and red blood cells parameters.