Assessment of Serum Levels of C-reactive Protein and Total Cholesterol Among Sudanese Smokers

Abstract

This study was performed in Khartoum state during the period from January to May 2011. The aim of the study is to compare the sensitivity of C – reactive protein (CRP) and cholesterol as early marker of cardiovascular diseases in Sudanese smokers. 75 blood samples were collected from Sudanese smokers and 75 healthy non smokers as a control group for the comparison. The test and control groups were ages matches and range from18to 60years. Serum cholesterol was estimated by spectrophotometer (Biosystem 310), and CRP level was estimated by automation technique (Mindary BS 300). There was a significant increase in both the C-reactive protein level and cholesterol level in the test group of smokers when compared with non smokers (4.26±.84mg/L versus 1.75±.37mg/L), (P=0.000), and (185±41mg/dL versus 163±23mg/dL) respectively(P = 0.000). According to the duration of cigarettes smoking the study observed significant increase in the mean of CRP level in the three groups of smokers when compared with control group, (6.26±.91mg/L, p=.023; 3.57±.48mg/L, p=.004; 3.62±.43mg/L, P=.011) respectively. Whereas there is no significant difference in cholesterol level in group(1) ≤5 when compared with non smokers group (p=.118). The study record a significant increase ‫‪in cholesterol level in group(2) 6-15 and (3) >15 when compared with‬‬ ‫)300.=‪non smokers group, (182±43mg/dL) (p=.012), (196±42mg/dL) ( p‬‬ ‫‪respectively. Also with number of cigarettes smoked per day the study‬‬ ‫-11 )2( ‪observed a significant increase in CRP level in group(1)≤10 and‬‬ ‫02‬ ‫,)900.=‪when compared to non smokers, (4.46±.85mg/L) (p‬‬ ‫‪(4.19±.82mg/L) (p=.002) respectively, but there is insignificant increase‬‬ ‫‪in group(3) >20 when compared to non smokers(p=.070). Whereas‬‬ ‫‪cholesterol level show significant increase in the three groups of smokers‬‬ ‫)000.=‪(185±39mg/dL, p=.004; 185±41mg/dL, p=.010; 18 ±50mg/dL, p‬‬ ‫‪respectively. The study recorded no significant correlation between CRP‬‬ ‫‪with both the duration of cigarettes smoking per year and number per day‬‬ ‫.‪( p=.101, .447) respectively‬‬ ‫‪In conclusion: The study revealed that C – reactive protein level increase‬‬ ‫‪in short period of smoking, in contrast cholesterol level increase in a long‬‬ ‫.‪period of smoking‬‬