The Livelihood Strategies in Dalling and Kadugli Rural Areas Pre and Post War

Abstract

The objective of this study was to find out the changes taking place in the livelihoods of Nuba people as a result of civil war and intervention of UNIDO that could help in building these livelihoods. The study was conducted in Dilling and Kadugli localities, South Kordofan State. It covered 12 villages. Close-ended questionnaire was used to provide baseline information about household size and composition, sources of livelihoods and patterns of migration in the pursuit of livelihoods. Focus group discussions, key informant interviews and wealth ranking were also carried out, these offered insights into historical and contemporary livelihood issues in Nuba Mountains. Descriptive analysis and Sustainable Livelihood Framework were used to analyse the data. The study revealed that: - 33% of the sample households were female-headed household. - 63% of the households cultivate less than 15 feddans and more than two third of them cultivate less than 5 feddans. - Proportion of children never did attend school is relatively high 28%, while 50% of the students have done at some point. - Human capacity building activities targeted more than half of the respondent households 61.4%. 4 - 47% of the households had adopted animal traction technology, and 2.3% out of them were female. - Half of the sampled households 55.3% depend heavily on Nafair as a source of additional labour and54.6% reported their inability to hold it in the future. - Sample people are poor herdsmen; only 37% own cattle while the majority82% rear goats. - 18% of respondents suffer food shortage for about eight months. - The criteria used to classify wealthy family were: cattle ownership, cultivated area, food sufficiency, ability to schooling, and owning ox- plough. - Wealth ranking practices classified the community into: 29.5% very poor, 32% poor, 20.5% middle poor and 17.4% better off. The study recommended that: - Peace building activities should be supported. - Implement of rainwater harvesting. - Improve home garden (Jupraka) productivity. - Adoption of Community Driven Development approach. - Establishing income generating projects.