Laboratory Evaluation of Ethanol & Hexane Extracts of Seeds and Leaves of (Jatropha Curcas L.) Against The Larvae of Culex Mosquito

Abstract

The experiments of this study were carried out under laboratory conditions at the department of plant protection ,College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology (Shambat). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of hexane and ethanol extracts of Jatropha curcas seeds and leaves against the third larval instar of culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, main vector of filarial elephantiasis. The comparative dosage-generated mortality results of similar concentrations of ethanol and hexane extracts of Jatropha seeds and leaves revealed that both ethanol and hexane extracts of Jatropha seeds gave higher mortality percentage than their counterparts of Jatropha leaves extracts. As for seeds extracts, the concentrations of 0.01, 0.03 and 0.06 gave a percentage mortality of 26.7, 46.6 and 50 for ethanol extract and 70, 50, 50, for hexane extract respectively. On the other hand, the same concentrations of Jatropha leaf extracts of 0.01, 0.03 and 0.06 gave a percentage mortality of 6.7, 0.0 and 13.3 for ethanol extracts and 6.7, 10.0, and 16.7 for hexane extract respectively. Both, ethanol and hexane extracts of Jatropha seeds gave significantly higher mortality percentage than the control after 24 hours of exposure. However only the ethanol extracts of Jatropha seeds gave significantly higher mortality percentage than the control after 48 hours of exposure. Also both ethanol and hexane seeds extracts gave significantly higher mortality percentage than the control after 72 hours of exposure. All the hexane extracts of the Jatropha leaves gave higher mortality percentage than the control, but not a significant difference. On the other hand only the lower and higher concentrations of ethanol extracts of the leaves gave

significantly higher mortality percentage than the control, but not the medium concentration after 24 hours of exposure. After 48 and 72 hours of exposure only the higher concentrations of hexane and ethanol of the Jatropha leaves gave significantly higher mortality percentage than the control.