Evaluation of Renal Morphology for Diabetic Sudanese Patients by Using Computed Tomography

Abstract

This study was done to evaluate renal morphology in adult diabetic Sudanese patients. The purpose is to measure thickness and CT no. for both renal cortex and medulla for each kidney, as correlated with age, gender, duration and treatment of disease. The Study was done during the period from September 2015 to April 2016 at Asia Hospital and Omdurman Military Hospital, using CT machine. A sample of 50 subjects were collected (25 control group, 25 diabetic group). The findings showed the means of (Rt. Cortex, Rt. Medulla, Rt. Cortex CT. No., Lt. Cortex, Lt. Medulla, Lt. Cortex CT. No.) were (5.3304, 7.8336), (13.6368, 17.6296), (42.0400, 32.7016), (6.0256, 7.1584), (13.8208, 16.9080), (45.5200, 34.7052), respectively for control group and diabetes group, there were statistically significant differences among the two groups p value < .05, while no statistically significant differences among the two groups in means of (Rt. Medulla CT. No and Lt. Medulla CT. No.) (25.2800, 28.4000) (25.8000, 26.6656) respectively for control and diabetic groups, p > .05. There were no statistically significant differences between the two Kidneys for diabetic group the means of (Rt and Lt. Cortex, Rt and Lt Medulla, Rt and Lt Cortex CT. No., Rt and Lt Medulla CT. No.) were (7.8336, 7.1584), (17.6296, 16.9080), (32.7016, 34.7052), (28.4000, 26.6656) respectively p >.05. There were no statistically significant differences between the two types of treatment given to the patients (insulin, tablets), the p values >.05 except in (Lt. Medulla with Sig < 0.05). No statistically significant correlation between cortex and medulla thicknesses, and corresponding CT. No.’s and the duration of disease. No statistically significant correlation between cortexes, medulla thicknesses and corresponding CT. No.’s and age in diabetes patients p >.05. No statistically significant differences between the means of (Rt. Cortex, Rt. Medulla, Rt. Cortex III CT. No., and Rt. Medulla CT. No, Lt. Cortex, Lt. Medulla, Lt. Cortex CT. No. and Lt. Medulla CT. No) were , (8.0088 , 7.5222), (18.1088 ,16.7778), (32.9563 , 32.2489), (28.6913 , 27.8822), (6.9412 , 7.5444), (16.9562 , 16.8222), (34.3456 , 35.3444), (26.2781 , 27.3544) respectively for male and female in diabetes p >.05. Thicknesses of cortex and medulla of both kidneys were larger than in normal (control group). This could provide a useful indicator for the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy.