Assessment of Radioactive Iodine Treatment of Hyperthyroidism in Sudanese Patients

Abstract

Hyperthyroidism is considered as one of common pathological problem associated with thyroid gland, in which thyroid hormones level were increased. This a prospective study attended to assess the efficiency of thyroid treatment using I-131 in treatment of hyperthyroidism in Sudanese population, A 120 patients were treated using I131 at radiation and isotopes center of Khartoum in the period from 2012 to 2014. Imaging procedure was done using Tc99m radiopharmaceutical where the Tc99m/ Mo99m Generator was used to produce Tc99m, dose caliber and Dual head Gama camera was used to scan these patient. The level of thyroid hormone were recorded before, and after 3, 6, 9, and 12 month after treatment in order to assess the decrement level of these hormone and therefore performing a quantitative assessment of hyperthyroidism treatment, the result showed that the mean value of these hormones was 6.9, 4.2, 2.8, and 2.5 (nmol/L) for T3, 222.1, 134, 119, 119.2 and 113.4 (nmol/L) for T4, and 0.37, 6.34, 5.3, 2.8, and 2.3 (nmol/L) for TSH respectively. Pair sample two tailed test was performed; a significant difference between the thyroid hormone level was noted before the RAI treatment and after 3, 6, 9, and 12 month later after the treatment, at Confidence level of (CL=95%) and (p value= 0.05), the test were significant at P= 0.000. Causative disease of hyperthyroid function found to be due to Graves’ disease in 45 patients (54%) of the collected samples, 28 patients (23.3%) by TMNG, 30 patients (25%) due to diffuse toxic goiter and 8 patients (6.7%) related to the autonomous toxic nodules. This study concludes that hyperthyroidism treatment using I131 considered effective and cause significant difference in thyroid hormone level after treatment.