Invitro Effect of Damas Plant Aqueous Extract and Fungicide on Growth of The Fusarium Oxysporum Causal Agent of wilt in Some Crops

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporium affects a wide variety host of different age Tomato, Tobacco, Legumes, Cucurbits. Sweet Potatoes, Chickpea and Banana. The present investigation was undertaken under laboratory of Plant protection Department, College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology during November 2015 to February 2016, to study the effect of Damas plant parts (leaves, fruits, barks and roots) aqueous extracts and fungicide Score (250 EC) on growth of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum causal agent of wilt disease in crops. Three concentrations of aqueous leaves, fruits, barks and roots extract of Damas, each of 25, 50 and 100%, and fungicide were used in addition to control. The assessment of their inhibitory effect against the pathogen was recorded through the fungal growth. The results showed that all concentration of the leaves fruits, barks and roots aqueous extracts Damas plant tested and fungicide of significantly inhibitory effect against the linear growth of Fusarium oxysporium compared to control. Moreover, concentration of each aqueous extract reacted differently against Fusarium oxysporium. However, the highest concentration of the Damas extracts (100%) gave significantly higher inhibition zones percent respectively (75.5%, 68%, 66%, and 50%) compared to the untreated control. Among the Damas parts extracts screened the fruit (75.5) was the most effective in suppressing the fungus growth than its equivalent other part. the results showed that the antifungal activity increase with increase in extract concentration. Obviously, the fungus Fusarium oxysporium differs in its response to the different concentrations but on the whole, growth inhibition increased with the concentration. The current results were considered promising and encouraging to carry out a photochemical analysis of different parts of Damas plant using different solvents so to determine the bioactive ingredient in each of these parts.