Investigating the Difficulties of Substitution and Ellipsis that Encounter Universities’ Students in English language

Abstract

This study investigates the student’s usage of grammatical cohesive particularly substitution and ellipsis. The subjects of the study were thirty, second-year students at Al-neelain University, Faculty of Arts, English Language Department.The method which uses in this study is of descriptive, analytical nature. The researcher uses a test to collect data from the targete subjects and the data is processeand analyze by using statistical software called (SPSS), the results are critically describe and discusse. The researcher has reached into the following result: university students do not use grammatical cohesive devices in their written texts correctly, due to their ignorance of using cohesion and coherence devices.Based on the finding of the study, the researcher recommends that;students should be taught courses in text analysis and lexical conctors.