The Morphological and Physiological Patterns of Anemia Among Sudanese Children Patients in Gaafer Ibn Aouf Pediatric Hospital, Khartoum

Abstract

A hospital-based analytical descriptive study was conducted in Gaafer Ibn Aouf pediatric hospital from 22/4/2012 to 25/7/2012, to determine the morphological and physiological patterns of anemia among Sudanese anemic children patients. Eighty anemic children patients of both gender, from different region of Sudan and different tribe, were informed about the study expected out come and agreement of participation was obtained. The controls were normal not receive any treatment or transfusion in their life. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information about patient’s age, sex, family history of anemia, nutrition status, treatment of anemia, pathological blood loss. Blood sample were collected from all patient and controls for use in laboratory investigation. Statistical package for social science (SPSS) computer program was used for data analysis. The results showed significant differences between the mean level of patients and controls in the following parameters hemoglobin level, hematocrit, RBC's count, and RBC's indices (p.value <0.05). The study explained that the patterns of peripheral blood picture among study group were 39 (49%) were normocytic normochromic type, 41 (51%) were microcytic hypochromic . Reticulocytee was significantly increase in compared to control group (p.value <0.05). The results showed there are no differences between Mean Cell Volume, Mean Cell Hemoglobin and Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration. In patients with normocytic normochromic RBC's and control group (p.value > 0.05), while they showed significantly decreased in patient with microcytic hypochromic RBC's. The results showed about 8 (7.7%) among anemic children were diagnosed of having sickle cell anemia.