Study of the Impact of Erosion and Deposition in Nile Agricultural Lands Using GIS and RS

Abstract

This research studying the impact of erosion and sedimentation processes on the Nile River, positioning influence and the erosion of its banks and its impact on Nile agricultural land in the area at Moqren Elnilein and extends up to 30 kilometers north of Khartoum. The study depends on the using Landsat imagery acquired on the years 1985, 1995.2003, 2009 & 2015. In addition to field observation. Remote Sensing and GIS analysis were used in this study to investigate river meandering and the associated processes of river bank and island, deposition of sediments and formation of new island. The analysis of Landsat imagery revealed the migration of river course with time and space. Some islands disappeared completely in the study area whereas new islands appeared in other places, In addition to the migration of some of the islands with the time and space. The continuous processes of erosion and sedimentation lead to change the Mirin continuously. The study also had shown that the current conditions of the river from the Immigration and lateral erosion backed by human interventions had led to environmental and social problems, foremost of which is the decrease in agricultural lands bordering the river banks and islands within the river which in turn reduces the agricultural production, lack of arable land, border disputes and land holdings in some areas. This research also aims to study the river basin in the selected area and assess the effects of erosion and deposition on agricultural land and using geographic information systems in the production of multi-layered maps program and displayed spatially and conducts a thorough analysis to support decision makers to curb these problems as much as possible.