Physical and chemical Characteristics of Three Mango Cultivars at Three Maturity Stages

Abstract

This study was conducted at the Sudan university of Science and Technology - College of Agricultural Studies Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology. The aim of this study was to compare three Sudanese mango cultivars and with respect to physical, chemical and sensory evaluation during the various stages of maturity. The three cultivars of mango are (Kitchener, Alphons and Dr.knight) and the three stages of maturity which were the (green, moderate and yellow(. The results showed that the highest percentage of moisture content exhibited by Dr.knight cultivar (88.9%) at full maturity (yellow) and the lowest by the same cultivar at the green stage (36%). The highest percentage of fiber was exhibited by Kitchener cultivar (4.8%) at stage full maturity (yellow) and the lowest were exhibited by Alphons (0.40%) at the green stage. where the highest percentage of ash were exhibited by Kitchener cultivar (0.36%) at full maturity (yellow) ,and the lowest were exhibited by Alphons (0.14%) at the green stage. The study also showed that the highest percentage of acidity was attained by Alphons cultivar (3.80%) at the green stage, and the lowest was attained by Kitchener cultivar at the yellow stage (0.62%). The highest percentage of total soluble solids was attained by Kitchener cultivar and Dr. Knight (17-17%) at the yellow stage and the lowest was attained by Dr.Knight (2.5%) at the green stage. The highest pH was attained by the Kitchener cultivar (4.35) at the yellow stage and the lowest was attained by Dr.Knight (2.81) at the green stage. According to the sensory evaluation the most preferable color was the yellow color Alphons(2.81%), where as the least preferable color was of Dr. knight cultivar (1.31%) at the moderate stage. The most preferable taste was both (Alphons and kitchener) cultivars(3.00, 3.00%) and the least was Dr.knight(1.81%) at green stage. The most acceptable texture was obtained in both Alphons and Dr.knight cultivar(2.75, 2.75%) at yellow stage ,where as the least acceptable one was found at the moderate stage of Dr.knight cultivar (1.50%). The most accepted overall quality was obtained at the yellow stage of Alphons cultivar(2.87%), where as the low overall quality was obtained at the moderate stage of Dr.knight (1.37%).