Sonographic Renal Measurements for Sudanese Children

Abstract

Childhood is an important period of growth for many organ systems, among various growth parameters, kidney size is an important parameter used for the clinical evaluation of renal growth and renal abnormalities, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between renal dimensions and somatic parameters and analyze the affecting factors for renal size during growth to provide a reliable and practical reference for normal standard kidney length and volume values in Sudanese children. we examined 60 Sudanese children ages from 1month to 14 year age including a total of 33 boys and 27 girls without renal problems. The maximum renal length (L) (cm), Breadth( orthogonal anterior-posterior diameter orD) (cm) and width (W) (cm) of each kidney were measured by ultrasound Esaote Pie Medical with convex 3.5 frequency transducer . Kidney volume was calculated as 0.523 x L x D x W (cm3) an age and anthropometric indices including height (cm), weight (kg) and body mass index (m2/kg) were collected through a medical record review. the mean renal length ,and volume with standard deviation (SD) were estimated for every group of age. The renal length and volume were determined and corresponded with different somatic variables. Descriptive statistics with Regression analysis was done. There were significant correlations between all renal dimensions with age, weight, height, In the regression analysis, the most significant contributing factor to renal growth was height , there was statistically significant differences were observed between right and left kidneys length and volume but there is no significant difference between other kidney measurements( width and breadth).also the study found that was no significant difference in the kidney length and volume among boys and girls in all age groups. Scatter plots were created, and they showed a close linear relationship between height and renal length and renal volume. The research presents reliable practical reference for normal standard kidney length and volume values by sonography in healthy pediatric population in Sudan .