Study of Patients with Positive Schistosoma Haematobiun Infection Using Ultrasound: Sheckan Area

Abstract

Schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis) is one of the most prevalent tropical diseases. Sonography is among the most valuable diagnostic tools for Schistosomiasis-related organ lesions, for revealing, evaluation and showed signs of Bilharziasis on the urinary tracts(mainly urinary bladder) and related organs. The main objective of this research was to study the ultrasound outcome in diagnosis of patient infected by bilharziasis mainly positive urinary bilharziasis and to evaluate the extent of the lesions in the urinary tract(mainly urinary bladder), and lesions in the other internal organs .This is descriptive cross sectional study .This study determines the typical findings in patients who were infected by Schistosomiasis, and the study was, conducted in Shikan area in North Kordofan State – Sudan in Elobied teaching Hospital and one private Clinic during the period from March 2014 to October 2015 which far away from capital Khartoum. Ultrasound scans were done using portable Fukuda 4100 machine with convex probe 3.5 MHz. Proper preparation of patient was consider. The scan included. urinary tracts, liver and spleen. The data were analysed by standard Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). A total of 108 patients’ with positive Schistosoma haematobium were included 97(89.8%) were males and 11(10.2%) were females, their ages ranged between <10 > 40 years old with mean age of 14.80±8.438years old. The results of the study showed that there was a significant correlation between the variables including age, gender occupation and gastrointestinal manifestations of Schistosomiasis at p< 0.000.The prevalence of urinary bladder manifestation was found to be: (17.6%) have localized urinary bladder wall thickness and (82 %) have general thickness and the result of study showed that most of the affected patients were school student 74.1% all patients showed bladder wall thickening, due to urinary Schistosomiasis infection. Other bladder lesions including polyps and calcification were seen in (20%) while (80%) showed no lesion. The renal pelvicalyceal system and lower ureteric end were found to be normal in the majority of patients constituting (94%) and (96%) respectively. This study concluded that the bilharziasis affects the bladder wall more than other parts of the urinary system and mostly urinary system does not associated with lesion. The study indicated that ultrasound is useful, cheap, non-invasive, and less time - consuming as it demonstrate structures morbidity and complication caused by Schistosoma haematobium if lab investigation are added.