Assessment of Plasma Lipid Profile among Sudanese Patients With Hypo and Hyper thyroidism in Khartoum State

Abstract

This is a case - control study, conducted during the period from March to September 2015 to assess the plasma lipid profile among Sudanese patients with Hypo and Hyper thyroidism, and to determine whether the thyroid abnormalities associated with cardiovascular disease or not. The study groups included 50 patients with thyroid disorders (25 patients with hyperthyroidism and 25 patients with hypothyroidism) and25 apparently healthy subjects as a control group (match age and sex). All participants were selected from Ribat university hospital. A spectrophotometry was used for measurement of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoproteins, low density lipoproteins, and results were analyzed using (SPSS) computer program (Independent sample T test and person correlation). The results of frequency showed thyroid disorders is common in ages over 40 year (less than 40 year 32%) (more than 40 year 68%). Also this disease is common in female 37 (74%) than male13 (26%). The study results show moderate increased in total cholesterol in hyperthyroidism patients group compared to control group ( mean ± SD: 197± 23 versus173± 18 mg/dl , P- value 0.000 ) and LDL-c( mean ± SD: 125± 13 versus 96± 5mg/dl, P- value 0.000),while triglycerides and HDL-c were not affected ( mean± SD: 113± 13 versus 111± 11mg/dl, P-value 0.65 , mean± SD: 48 ± 9 versus 50± 9mg/dl, p- value 0.47) respectively. In hypothyroidism patients, there were a significant increased in the plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-c concentrations without change in HDL-c compare to control group, ( mean ± SD: 212± 22 versus174± 18 mg/dl , P- value 0.000 ) For total cholesterol, ( mean ± SD: 152± 29 versus 111± 11 mg/dl , P- value 0.000 ) For triglycerides, ( mean ± SD: 50± 11 versus 50± 9 mg/dl , P- value 0.925 ) For HDL-c, ( mean ± SD: 125± 21 versus 95± 5 mg/dl, P- value 0.000 ) For LDL-c. Person correlation showed a significant correlation between duration of thyroid disorders and plasma levels of total cholesterol (r= 0.740, p-value=0.000), triglycerides (r= 0.457, p-value=0.001) and LDL-c (r= 0.779, p-value=0.000). Also there was no correlation between duration of thyroid disorders and plasma level of HDL-c (r= 0.062, p-value= 0.669). It was obvious from this study, total cholesterol and LDL-c are significant increased in patients with Hyperthyroidism, while triglyceride and HDL-c are insignificant increased, also total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-c are significant increased in Hypothyroidism , while HDL-c is not affected.