Glutathione S TransferaseTheta1 Null Polymorphism among Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Abstract

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), a superfamily of phase II metabolic enzymes, catalyze the conjugation of glutathione with reactive electrophiles and thus detoxify procarcinogens and carcinogens. This is analytical case control study was conducted in Khartoum state during the period from March to August 2015 to evaluate the association of GSTT1 NULL polymorphism in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. A total 39 patients diagnosed with AML attended to the flowcytometer center, Khartoum-Sudan and 50 healthy volunteers as control group were enrolled in this study. Three milliliter (ml) of venous blood was collected from each participant in ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulant container. For molecular analysis DNA was extracted from blood samples by salting out method. The genetic polymorphism analysis for the GSTT1 was determined using polymerase chain reaction method. The results were analyzed by statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) computer program. The ages of case group ranged between2-85 years their mean 39; they were compared with 50 healthy volunteers as control group, their ages ranged between 25 - 55 years their mean 39. The highest frequency of sub class among case sample is M2 (23.1 %) while the lowest frequency of sub class among case sample is M6 (0 %).The mean of blasts in null cases (54 ± 20.4) which insignificantly decreased than gstt1 cases (57 ± 17.5) (P. value = 0.75). The result showed the mean and STD for plts among patients with GSTT1 null genotype was (352.4 ± 132) while it was (90.4 ± 87) among those with normal genotype with insignificant difference (P. value = 0.74). The result showed the mean and STD for TWBs among patients with GSTT1 null genotype was (27.4 ± 4.4) while it was (35.6 ± 8.7) among those with normal genotype with insignificant difference (P. value = 0.42). The result showed the mean and STD for Hb among patients with GSTT1 null genotype was (8.8 ± 2.6) which insignificantly decreased than gstt1 cases (9.1 ± 2.7) (P. value = 0.83). The mean of age in null cases (39 ± 22.7) which slightly decreased than gstt1 cases (42 ± 18.3) but without statistical significant (P. value = 0.68). The rate of GSTT1 null polymorphism was 82.0 % in AML patients, while it was 22.0% in the control group and the difference was statistically significant (OR=3.5, P= 0.00). The results of CBC and Blast percentage were taken from a patient file from flowcytometry center. In summary results demonstrated that GSTT1 null polymorphism is a risk factor for AML in patients.