Estimation of Entrance Skin Dose (ESD) in Intravenous Urography

Abstract

Intravenous urography (IVU) is efficient radiological examinations for the evaluation of the urinary system disorders. However patients are exposed to a significant radiation dose. The objective of this study was to estimate skin dose for IVU. A total of 44 patients from two public hospitals underwire using a Shimadzu X ray machine. The result of the study revealed that Patients ESDs value for IVU was 1.496 ± 0.29 mGy for total sample. Inter-hospital variation was reported; this is could be possibly due to the number of films taken and due to variations in patients’ size. Furthermore the output of the machine could be contributed to this variation. In this study the radiation dose is considered low compared to previous studies.