Evaluation of Serum Cystatin C Level among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Khartoum State

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a systemic metabolic disorder, Diabetic nephropathy (DN), is a common cause of end stage renal disease worldwide. Cystatin C has been identified as a new, promising, and easily measurable marker for detecting mild decrease in GFR with highly specificity and sensitivity. Study aims to evaluate serum cystatin C among type 2 DM during a period of March-August 2015 in Khartoum state. A hundred and twenty subjects classified as 60 healthy apparently as control group and 60 type 2 DM as case, blood samples were collected to measure serum cystatin C, HbA1c by ichroma™ immunofluorescence reader and BMI was calculated using Quetelet index formula. The results of frequency showed type 2 DM is common in female 37(61.67%) than male 23(38.33%) with ratio of 1:1.6. also results found that, mean cystatin C level was higher in type 2 DM patients versus control group with P-value = 0.000, and significant increase in mean concentration of cystatin C in uncontrolled DM compared with control DM patients Pvalue < 0.004. Personal correlation results showed positive correlation between cystatin C and age, duration, BMI, and HbA1c (R-value 0.417 and P-value 0.000), (R-value 0.272 and P-value 0.0.036), (R-value 0.260 and P-value 0.004), (R-value 0.340 and P-value 0.008) respectively, and no correlation with gender with R-value 0.051 and P-value 0.580. The study conclude that, serum cystatin C level is higher in type 2 DM specially uncontrolled DM patients, and positive correlation between serum cystatin C and age, duration, BMI and HbA1Care noticed