A Comparative Study of Khartoum StateWater andZamzam Water

Abstract

In this study analysis was carried for seven samples of water. Physical and chemical characteristics of water were analyzed by using standard methods. The samples were taken from (River Nile, Blue Nile, White Nile, Mayou, Elengaz, AlhajYousof, and Zamzam water).The results were found as follows respectively: pH (7.6, 7.04, 7.6, 7.6, 7.3, 6.8 & 8.05), electrical conductivity (310, 300, 310, 480, 820, 460& 800) µs/cm, the total alkalinity (140, 140, 140, 230, 215, 210& 200) mg/L, the total hardness (92, 130, 92, 140, 232, 200& 200) mg/L. The total dissolve solids were found (185, 180, 185, 250,370, 275&480) mg/L. Calcium hardness (28, 36, 26, 21, 62, 37&53) mg/L, Magnesium (7,9, 7, 21, 18, 26&17) mg/L, Sodium (32, 22, 32, 50, 50, 30& 80)mg/L, Potassium (13, 3, 13, 6, 6, 2&27) mg/L. Chloride (17, 8, 17, 14, 69, 22&27) mg/L, Fluoride (0.45, 0.5, 0.4, 0.45, 0.6& 0.4) mg/L, Sulfate (2, 15, 5, 2, 38, 33&74) mg/L.Finally Nitrate (5, 3, 3, 0, 2, 0& 32)mg/L. From results obtained all measured values were below the permissible level except the total hardness in some samples was high concentration.