Assessment of Sensitivity and Specifity Immunochromatograophy Test And ELISA for detecting Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibodies among Screening patients in Khartoum state

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV) is global and serious problem , with increase in mortality and morbidity worldwide. This was prospective , descriptive and cross sectional study aimed to assess the level of HIV Ab using the ICT and ELISA for detecting Ab and Ag (p24) .It was conducted among Screening patient in Khartoum state (National Public Health Laboratory) from 1 April to 30 June (2015) on a total of eighty nine (n=89)to compare the sensitivity and specificity of immunochromatographic test and ELISA in detecting HIV Ab .All subject examined in this study from both sex male and females . 14 (15.7 %) of screening patients were positive for HIV Ab by ICT, Where it decrease to 13(14.6%) by ELISA procedure run on the same serum sample .there was one false negative result when tested by ICT . total of previous blood transfusion .only 7 % who had positive for HIV Ab when tested by ELISA . The highest prevalence was on the age group (21- 40) years and low rate ( 61 – 80). The result obtained show that the ICT technique has 100% ,98.6 % respectively sensitivity and specificity for detection of HIV Ab .While ELISA revealed 100% for both sensitivity and specificity .Results showed that the ICT used in this study for HIV Ab was less specific compare to ELISA . Among married screening patients 55/89 (61.8 %) higher than single 34/89(38.2%) positive cases were 7/55(7.9%) among married and 6/34( 6.7%) among single .were examined by ELISA . In those who has previous surgical operation and multi transfusion only 7 % who had positive for HIV when tested by ELISA .