Measurement of Complete Blood Count in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients at Radiation and Isotope Centre -Khartoum

Abstract

This is a case-control study carried out in Radiation and Isotope Center Khartoum (RICK) from August to October 2014;aimed to assess the changes in the complete blood count (CBC) of chronic myeloid leukemia(CML) patients. CBC was studied in 50 CML patients and compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls. A written consent had been taken from them. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information about participants' age, sex and history of any disease or conditions that may interfere with the results. Three ml of venous blood was collected in EDTA anti coagulant container from both patients and control group. An automated hematological analyzer (SYSMEX KX-21N) was used to measure the blood count. Statistical package for social science (SPSS) computer program was used for data analysis. CML patients registered significantly higher (P≤0.05)values than the control group for leucocytes count (154.2x103/μL versus 5.72x103/μL) , esinophil (5.04%versus 2.7%±0.3), basophil (4.0%±0.51versus 0.18%±0.03) and platelets count(335.7x103/ μL versus 274.6x103/μL). Chronic myeloid leukemia caused a significantly lower (P≤0.05) values than the control group for the neutrophils (37.2% ±14.7versus 57.9%±10.33), lymphocyte (5.72%±4.3versus 33.9%±10.16) , monocyte (3.32%±0.5% versus 6.3%±2.3) ,erythrocytes count (2.09x106/L versus 4.73x106/L) and hemoglobin (9.35g/dl ±2.01versus13.00g/dl±1.56). Immature cells were not seen in the peripheral blood of the control group in contrast to CML patients among whom the following immature cells were found stabs (11.78±1.58%),metamylocyte (11.85±1.59%), nmylocyte(12.41±1.32%),pronylocyte(6.43±0.79%),myloblast(2.33±0.25%) and nucleated red blood cells (2.33±0.25%). It is concluded that chronic myeloid leukemia causes significant changes in the CBC and so CML can be suspected on this basis . Further studies should be done by performing bone marrow biopsy and detection of Philadelphia chromosome.