Aromorphological, Molecular & Quality Investigations on Moringa oleifera & Moringa peregrina as affected by water intervals

Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate growth of two commonly known Moringa species in Sudan Moringa oleifera & Moringa peregrina under different watering intervals were subjected to three treatments , and days for two consecutive seasons ( \ - \ ) in the demonstration farm at Sudan University college of Agriculture(Shambat). Complete Randomized Block Design with four replicatioة ة ns was used layout of the experiment. The seeds that used in the study were obtained from the seed Research Centre (Soba). Moringa oleifera demonstrated a fast germination and was established in weeks, Moringa peregrina delayed in germination and had very slow growth, took months. This result led to dropping Moringa peregrina from the field experiment part and continued with Moringa oleifera alone. However the chemical and molecular analyses continued and were done for both Moringa species. Results showed that, there were no significant difference between all of the growth parameters plant height, number of leaves per plant, stem diameter, fresh weight, dry weight and root dry weight in two seasons Results showed that, Moringa peregrina and Moringa oleifera leaves contain Protein, Fiber, Ash, Fat and Carbohydrate it analyzed by using AOAC and the dry aching methods. Moringa leaves can be considered as good fodders as it contain essential nutrients that can improve growth performance of animals the percentage of protein is higher in Moringa oleifera. Whereas, Moringa oleifera roots showed higher fiber content. Mineral composition showed that, highly variation between leaves of the two Moringa species. Were detected Moringa oleifera gave higher percentage of Ca, K, Fe, and Mn. Whereas, Moringa peregrina contained higher percentage in Na and Mg. On the other hand, root analysis indicated that the Moringa IV oleifera was slightly higher than the Moringa peregrina in contents of K. Moringa peregrina showed higher percentage in Na. Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) technique was used, using twenty primers to investigate the genetic diversity between the two Moringa species, data of the primers that showed, high among sample of the two Moringa species was detected polymorphism were statistically analyzed. The ISSR primers showed polymorphic bands. The distance matrix values ranged between to , which reflected high range of variation. The tree diagram (UPGMA) for the variables of the two Moringa species showed clear clustering, as each species clustered separately, only one individual was different from all and appeared as out-group. ISSR technique was found very useful in revealing genetic variation between the two species..