Assessment of Antithyrotropin Receptor Thyroperoxidase Antibodies, and Thyroid Hormones as an Advanced Diagnostic Tools for Grave's Disease in Sudanese Patients

Abstract

High titers of antibodies to anti thyrotropin receptor(TRA-Ab), and Thyroperoxidase antibodies(TPO-Ab) are the hallmarks of human autoimmune thyroid diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the antibodies in Sudanese hyperthyroidism (mean age 33.22±10.04, range 19-59 years) with hyperthyroidism and graves' disease. One hundred Sudanese patients with hyperthyroidism(50with hyperthyroidism and clinically diagnosed with graves' disease, 50 with hyperthyroidism and clinically diagnosed without graves' disease), and fifty apparently healthy as control group , age and sex were matched. Study done in Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic at Omdurman Teaching Hospital, Khartoum state, Sudan, during the period June 2011 to June 2013. Thyroid function test ( FT3, FT4, and TSH) was determined by using fully automated chemical analyzer (ROCH ELECSYS ) with COBAS kits, and anti Thyroperoxidase antibodies, and anti thyrotropin receptor antibodies were determined by ELISA technique with Euro immune Kits. Analysis of the data was performed using the SPSS , P < 0.05 considered significant. Study showed that there were significantly high serum FT3, anti TRA, TPO antibodies among the Sudanese patients with Graves disease compared with patients with hyperthyroidism. 90% of patients with graves' disease had positive TRA antibodies, and 16% had positive TPO antibodies. In conclusion, the parameters, FT3, anti-TRA- Ab, and anti-TPO-Ab can be used as a biochemical panel for differential diagnosis of Graves' disease from hyperthyroidism.