Evaluation of Serum Magnesium Levels among Vitamin D Deficient Hypertensive Patients in Khartoum State

Abstract

Hypertension is a common health problem throughout the world. Some evidence suggests that Vitamin D may reduce hypertension prevalence through its action on Renin-Angiotensin System RAS, intracellular calcium homeostasis, and regulation of vascular smooth muscle contractility. This is descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate serum magnesium levels among hypertensive vitamin D deficient patients, and to correlate serum vitamin D and magnesium to the study variables (age, body mass index, gender and duration). Eighty eight hypertensive patients were enrolled in this study this study was done in Khartoum state during the period of March to May 2014, Serum vitamin D level for patients was estimated using ELISA competitive assay, serum magnesium level was estimated by spectrophotometer method, data analyzed using t-test and Pearson correlation in statistical package of social science (SPSS)computer program. Among study population, females (52.3%) and males (47.7%), overweight group (80.4% males, 66.7% females) were more frequent than normal weight group (19.6% males, 33.3% females), vitamin D deficient females (81.0%) were more than males (45.0%), vitamin D deficiency in the males (74.7% in the normal weight group, 50.0% in the overweight group), in females (64.3% in the normal weight group, 89.3% in the overweight group), females and overweight group expose to vitamin D deficiency more than males and normal weight group, (P value 0.000, 0.033) respectively, vitamin D level decreased as duration of hypertension increased (P value 0.041). The correlation analysis between vitamin D and magnesium resulting in no correlation (Pearson's r: 0.019, P value =0.862). In conclusion hypertension is associated with vitamin D deficiency which affected by gender and weight, further studies is needed to determine the effect of magnesium on the hypertension and study variables.