https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/1195 2026-04-06T05:03:06Z 2026-04-06T05:03:06Z خليل, مني الفاضل إسماعيل مشرف, -حسين محي الدين حسين عدار https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/28282 2023-03-26T06:57:49Z 2022-10-28T00:00:00Z

Title: أثر زراعةالصفاري Crotalaria senegalesis وأبواصابع Dactyloctenima egyptium كخليط وإضافة النيتروجين علي النموء والانتاجية تحت ظروف الامطار . Authors: خليل, مني الفاضل إسماعيل; مشرف, -حسين محي الدين حسين عدار Abstract: أجريت تجربة حقلية لموسمين متتاليين (2016- 2017) بمنطقة جنان التي تقع جنوب ولاية القضارف لدراسة تأثير نظام الزراعة بإلخليط بإضافة النيتروجين تحت ظروف الأمطار علي النمو والإنتاجية العلفية لنوعين من العلف (بقولي مع نجيلي). استخدم في هذه الدراسة خليط من علفي الصفارى (علف بقولي) وحشيشه أبو أصابع (علف نجيلي) بنسبة 25%, 50% و 75% بالتبادل إضافة للشاهد (100%) لكل علف. تمت إضافة مستويين من سماد النيتروجين (46%) Kg N/fed. و o Kg N/fed. أستخدم تصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة (RCBD) بأربعة مكررات. المعايير التي تمت دراستها شملت الكثافة النباتية, طول النبات، عدد الأوراق، عدد الأفرع والخلف /للنبات، الوزن الجاف/ للنبات وإنتاجية العلف الأخضر والجاف. كما تمت دراسة محتوي انتاجية العلف من البروتين الخام . أظهرت النتائج بأن الكثافة النباتية لعلفي الصفارى وأبو أصابع في الموسمين زادت مع زيادة معدل البذر, بينما لم تؤثر إضافة سماد النيتروجين معنويا على هذا المعيار. من ناحية أخرى زاد طول نباتات الخليط معنويا للعلفين مقارنة بطول النباتات المزروعة في الزراعة الاحادية, بينما قل في المقابل قليلا عدد كل من الأوراق والأفرع لعلف الصفارى و عددالخلف لأبوأصابع مقارنة بالنباتات المنزرعة احادية للموسمين. إضافة سماد النيتروجين لنباتات حشيشه أبو أصابع زاد معنويا عدد الأوراق والخلف في الموسمين وليس طول النبات, بينما لم يتأثر معنويا كل من طول النبات وعدد الأفرع بالتسميد بالنسبة لنباتات الصفارى, في حين زاد عدد الأوراق معنويا في الموسم الثاني. المعاملة T2 (75% صفاري+25% أبو أصابع) سجلت أعلى متوسط معنوي لوزن النبات الجاف بالنسبة لعلف الصفارى في الموسمين وفى الموسم الأول بالنسبة لحشيشه أبو أصابع, بينما المعاملة T4 ( 25% صفاري + 75% أبواصابع ) سجلت أعلى متوسط معنوي لهذه الصفة في الموسم الثاني. بالنسبة لأثر استخدام سماد النيتروجين على وزن النبات الجاف فإن النتائج أوضحت أن هذا العامل زاد معنويا وزن النبات الجاف لعلف الصفارى في الموسمين ولحشيشه أبو أصابع في الموسم الثاني. أوضحت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن إنتاجية العلف الأخضر لوحدة المساحة إنخفضت معنويا بالنسبة لخليط علفي الصفارى وأبو أصابع مع انخفاض معدل البذر في الموسمين, بينما زادت إضافة السماد هذا المعيار معنويا بالنسبة للعلفين في الموسم الثاني. وفى ذات السياق سجلت المعاملة T1(100% للعلفين في الموسم الأول أعلى متوسط معنوي لإنتاجية البروتين الخام مقارنة مع معاملات الخليط الثلاث, بينما العكس صحيح بالنسبة للموسم الثاني. كذلك يلاحظ من نتائج الدراسة أن الخليط (25% صفاري+75% أبو أصابع) سجل أعلى متوسط لإنتاجية البروتين الخام مقارنة بإنتاجيته بالنسبة لحشيشه أبو أصابع المنزرعة أحادي. استخدام النيتروجين زاد معنويا إنتاجية البروتين الخام مقارنة بالنباتات غير المسمدة للموسمين. Description: رسالة ماجستير

2022-10-28T00:00:00Z Rabeeh, Kawthar Rabih Salih Supervisor, -Abdelaziz Karmalla Gaiballa Co-Supervisor, -Elkheir Mugadam Salih https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/28179 2023-02-27T08:35:55Z 2022-11-26T00:00:00Z

Title: Impacts of Oil Exploration Activities on Pastoralism in West Kordofan State, Sudan Authors: Rabeeh, Kawthar Rabih Salih; Supervisor, -Abdelaziz Karmalla Gaiballa; Co-Supervisor, -Elkheir Mugadam Salih Abstract: This study was conducted at Balila area, West Kordofan State, Sudan in (2017 and 2018). The main objective of the study is to investigate the impacts of oil exploration activities on pastoralism in West Kordofan State, Sudan. Three sites within Balila area from Al-Salam were selected; Balila, Elshaq and El-Firdus for the study. The methodology used in the study included botanical measurements for the assessment of rangeland plants, Chemical analysis of ground and surface water and soil in the area. The study included a questionnaire of the population using simple random sampling. Three focus groups were conducted at each of the three sites. This information was used to identify the impacts of oil exploration and production on rangeland plants attributes of the area. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data using Excel and SPSS software program. The study showed that the current condition of the rangeland plants attributes of the area is largely affected by the current activities of oil exploration and production. The rangeland plants attributes at Balila area indicated that, plant species percentages were 53.3% in season 2017 and reduced to 25.8% in season 2018. Fourteen species appeared in the rainy seasons of the two seasons 2017 and 2018 respectively (10 annuals and 4 perennials). The herbage biomass production showed 2.045 Ton/ha in 2017.Then it reduced to show 0.7034 Ton/ha in 2018. Water and soil chemical analysis was performed in Sudan Petroleum Corporation (SPCL) laboratories. The soil contains a high amount of (Fe) and Lead (Pb) appeared in the northern part of the area in large quantities. Results revealed that majority of the interviewed inhabitants confirmed adverse effects of oil exploration and production activities on the environment V and consequently on their livelihoods. Perception of respondents towards these negative impacts confirmed: deforestation (89.9%); contamination of both surface and groundwater (61.9%) and increase in morbidity (99.3%) and mortality (87.8%) among livestock. The study concluded that, the oil exploration and production is bound to bring about the suppression of certain plant species in favor of others. Oil has greatly affected the movement pattern of livestock; exposure of pregnant women to high levels of Lead can lead to miscarriage, premature labor and low birth weight. Description: Thesis

2022-11-26T00:00:00Z Mohammed, Samar Gaffar Elsiddig Supervisor, - Mohammed Ibrahim Abdalsalam https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/28033 2023-01-31T09:03:11Z 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Impact of Climate Change on Pastoral Communities and Range Resources at Sennar Locality - Sudan Authors: Mohammed, Samar Gaffar Elsiddig; Supervisor, - Mohammed Ibrahim Abdalsalam Abstract: The study was carried out in Sennar locality. The study aimed to assess the impacts of climate change on pastoral community and rangeland resources in Sennar State. Three villages were selected from the state namely Al Auar, Fangoga AlJabal and Almuhamadyea (Aulad Mahala), form the unit of Refi West Sennar, Sennar locality. The sample size was about 5% of the total population of pastoralists in the three villages. A questionnaire was designed according to the objectives of the study in order to collect information from the studied community. The data were analyzed using the statistical analysis program SPSS version 20 in order to find out the mean and significant differences. The study found that in previous, the majority of respondents 76.7 % said there was appropriate income, while recently, there were just 54.9% confirmed that the income in appropriate situation. The amount of rain has increased recently, according to the opinions of the respondents, but the poor distribution of rainfall resulted in disturbing floods, which negatively affected the pastoral community. The majority of pastoral communities were semi sedentary represent 27.4%, the change of life patterns of pastoral communities as a result of changing in climate factors and their behaviors. The majority of respondents confirm that the animal mortality 95.7% increase in the beginning of autumn. Most respondents 50.8% were feed their animals by commercial fodder, 25.4% of them selling part of herds to minimize the number of animals, 12.3% of pastoralist in range site change their animal types into more adaptation of forage shortage. The study concluded that, the impact of climate change strongly affects the plant and animals in rangeland. There are other adaptive strategies used by pastoral community used to avoid fodder scarcity such as change of their source income from animals to agriculture. The study recommended to raise the awareness of pastoral communities, and care with the education, adoption of climate changes strategies and mitigates their impacts. Description: Thesis

2022-12-01T00:00:00Z Ahmed, Reem Ahmed Hamid Supervisor, - Dawi Musa Hamed Co-Supervisor, - Ali Saad Mohamed https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/28023 2023-01-26T12:51:47Z 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Behavior and ecology of the Defassa waterbuck Kobus ellipsiprymnus defassa during the dry season in the Dinder National Park, Sudan Authors: Ahmed, Reem Ahmed Hamid; Supervisor, - Dawi Musa Hamed; Co-Supervisor, - Ali Saad Mohamed Abstract: There are few studies of the Defassa waterbuck in the Dinder National Park. This present study is conducted under natural condition in the Dinder National Park in February, March, April and May 2018-2019 to describe the social organization, mating behavior and daily activities of the Defassa waterbuck, Kobus ellipsiprymnus defassa (Katambour) in Ras-Amir, Ein-alshamis, Beit-alwahash, Abdel-Gani and Gererisa meadows (Mayas). Binoculars were used to estimate herd composition of the Defassa waterbuck. Daily activity of herds, and its courtship behavior was studied for 15 minutes. within each hour intervals from 6 AM to 5:59 PM. Day time was divided into 3 periods (mornings, afternoons and evenings) to assess the variations in their activities within a day. The results of herd composition revealed the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable (herd composition) which showed a very high significant differences (P≤ 0.000). The Defassa waterbuck was found in Ras Amir, Ein-alshims, Abdel-gani and Grersia but not in Beit-alwahash during the years 2018 and 2019. The Defassa waterbuck generally forms social or feeding aggregations. Solitary male was seen 3 times, one in Ras-Amir meadow, one in Abdel-Gani meadow and the third one was observed in Idres Abdelabdelagi road. Lonely female with a single very young (about one week of age) was seen in February 2018 at Abdel-Gani meadow. Bachelor herd of about 21 adult males and females was observed in Ras-Amir meadow in March 2018. Nursery herd was existed commonly in Abdel-Gani and Ein-alshamis meadows. During this study 3 predation was recorded, one female in Ein-alshamis, one male in Abdel-Gani and the third one near Ras-Amir meadow. The males courtship that occurs most during the hours of the day is O (M = 0.270, SD = 0.891), SL (M = 0.172, SD= 0.536), V (M = 0.161, SD = 0.568), FS (M = 0.151, SD= 0.489), C (M = 0.1228, SD= 0.392), RH (M = 0.112, SD = 0.577), CH (M = 0.108, SD= 0.328), G (M = 0.0966, SD= 0.335), F (M= 0.045, SD= 0.2437), M (M = 0.010, SD= 0.101) and finally D (M = 0.0103, SD= 0.101). The activity of female during courtship that occurs most of the hours of the day is VE (M = 0.780, SD= 2.113), VM (M = 0.457, SD= 1.255), ST (M = 0.287, SD= 1.004), SC (M = 0.217, SD = 0.835), OM (M = 0.213, SD= 0.930), and finally MA (M = 0.207, SD= 0.728). The comparison of the courtship displays of males and females at the different period of the day showed no significant differences between the courtship between the morning and afternoon (P≥0.00) but a high significant differences between the courtship displays between the morning and afternoon and the evening (P≤0.00). In 2018 the daily activities revealed a statistical significant differences between years and daily activity, in foraging mean (13.82), SD (11.762) (P≤0.000), browsing mean (0.046), SD (0.226) (P≤0.000), resting (4.601) std. (12.508) (P≤0.001), walking mean (0.285) SD (0.761) (P≤0.000), suckling mean (1.230) SD (1.968) (P≤0.000), drinking mean (0.615) std. (1.127) (P≤0.000), and fighting mean (0.206) std. (0.704) (P≤0.000). In 2019 foraging mean (10.38), SD (7.460) (P≤0.000), browsing mean (0.093) SD (0.251) (P≤0.000), resting mean (6.728) SD (11.418) (P≤0.001), walking mean (0.497) SD (0.658) (P≤0.000), suckling mean (0.565) SD (0.976) (P≤0.000), drinking mean (1.725) SD (1.605) (P≤0.000), and fighting mean (0.563) SD (1.206) (P≤0.000). The present study showed a high significant difference in the daily activities in the meadows (P≤0.05), it is also showed a high significant difference in the daily activities at different months (P≤0.05). It statistically showed a high significant difference in the daily activities at different periods of the day time (morning, afternoon and evening). The work is also covering taxonomic, qualitative, and quantitative assessment of the flora, status of vegetation cover of Abdel-Gani, Ras-Amir, Ein-alshamis and Beit-alwahash. During the study period, a total of 29 plant species, in 15 families, in 11 orders were recorded. The dominant families were Fabaceae and Poaceae. The phenology of the flora showed that 71% was herbs, 14 % was perennial herbs (7%) and shrubs (7%) and 15 % was annual weeds, grasses, perennial grasses, sub-shrubs and trees (each represent 3%). Description: Thesis

2022-12-01T00:00:00Z