Abstract:
Hospitals’ unit surfaces and environment may become contaminated by
bacterial pathogens especially Methiccilin Resistance Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA). The organism was considered a major health problem in
hospitals worldwide.
The use of disinfectants is essential in infection control in hospitals and
health care centers.
This study was carried out in Khartoum Teaching Hospital (KTH) during
the period from October 2007 to August 2008 to determined prevalence
of MRSA in KTH and the role of four disinfectants[Sodium Hypochlorite
(Clorox)+Water, Phenol+
Liquid soap + Chloroxylenol "Dettol",
Formalin + Water and Chloroxylenol solution (Dettol) + Liquid soap
Water] in controlling infections .
Two hundred and fifty samples were collected by swabs from units'
surfaces (walls, seats, tables, floor, medical devices, doors and windows).
Eighteen air samples were also investigated by using settle plate method.
The samples were cultured on blood agar for primary isolation.
Identification of MRSA was done by colonial morphology, Gram stain,
biochemical tests and test for resistance to methicillin and to vancomycin.
The disc diffusion method and In-Use test were used to evaluate the
effective of the four disinfectants against MRSA.
Results revealed that the MRSA was 66(25%). Among them 11(16%)
were vancomycin resistant. Moreover, the study on the effective of
disinfectants by using SPSS program (One way ANOVA) showed that
the F-calculated is bigger than F-tabulated (sig.) there are different in
efficiency among disinfectants. In the L.S.D test shown there are two of
these disinfectants (Sodium Hypochlorite (Clorox) +Water, Phenol+
Liquid soap + Chloroxylenol "Dettol") were less effective that the other
(Formalin + Water and Chloroxylenol solution (Dettol) + Liquid soap
Water).
The study concluded that the prevalence of MRSA in KTH was high and
the rate of VRSA is increasing. The disinfectants used routinely in KTH
were not equal in their efficiency and there is failure in actions in two of
them.
