Abstract:
This study was carried out in Khartoum state and Aljazeera
state during the period from November 2008 to March 2009,to
determine the frequency of salmonella typhimurium in patients
with gastroenteritis and to determine its resitance to
traditionally used antimicrobial agents .
One hundred and ninety stool specimens were collected
from patients attended Ibrahim Malik Teaching Hospital and El-
hasahisa Teaching Hospital .The specimens were cultured in
selenite F broth and incubated overnight then subcultured on
xylose lysine deoxycholate ager for primary isolation of
pathogen . The identification of S. typhimurium was done by
colonial morphology , Gram's stain and biochemical tests using
API20E.
Modified Kirby –Baur disc diffusion method was adopted to
determine the resistance rate of S.typhimurium to
chloramphenicol , ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, gentamicin,
ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, tetracycline, and strepomycin .
Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the above
mentioned antimicrobial agents were determine by E. test .
Out of the one hundred and ninety stool specimens examined,
only 2 (1.1%)
S. typhimurium were recovered.
The result revealed that the antimicrobial resistance of S.
typhimurium was as follow; streptomycin (100%), ceftazidime
and tetracycline(50% each), chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone,
ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin (0% each).
The results indicated that the MIC, MIC50 and MIC90 of
chloramphenicol were (0.5-5mg\ml, 5mg\ml and 5mg\ml),
gentamicin were (0.25mg\ml each), ciprofloxacin were
(0.004mg\ml each), ceftriaxone were (0.1mg\ml each),
ceftazidime were (1mg\ml each) and tetracycline were (2mg\ml
each).
The study concluded that the presence of S. typhimurium in
clinical specimens was low. The drug of choice,
chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and ceftriaxone
remain highly effective and could be used successfully to treat
acute gastroenteritis due to S. typhimurium .
