Abstract:
This study was carried out in Khartoum State during the period from November 2008
to March 2009, to determine the frequency and antimicrobial resistance of E. coli in
patients suffering from community-acquired urinary tract infections.
Two hundreds and nine urine specimens were collected from patients attended
Khartoum Teaching Hospital, Gaffer Ibn Auff specialized Hospital for Children and
Khartoum North Teaching Hosptal. The specimens were cultured on blood and
MacConkey,s agars for primary isolation of the pathogen. Identification of the isolates
was done by colonial morphology, Gram's stain and biochemical tests using API 20 E
(Analytical profile index).
Modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was adopted to evaluate the resistance
rate of E. coli to nitrofurantoin, amoxycillin, nalidixic acid, amikacin, co-trimoxazole,
amoxiclav and ciprofloxacin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of
nitrofurantoin, nalidixic acid, amikacin, amoxiclav and co-trimoxazole, were
determined by E. test.
Of the two hundred and nine urine specimens examined, 112(54%) gave significant
growth, 44(21%) isolates found to be E. coli.
Furthermore, the result revealed that the antimicrobial resistance of E. coli was as
follows; amoxycillin (100%), co-trimoxazole (69%), amoxiclav (66%), nalidixic acid
(59%), ciprofloxacin (8%), amikacin (5%), nitrofurantoin (2.3%).
The result indicated that the MIC, MIC 50 and MIC90 were as follows; nitrofurantoin
(>240ug/ml each), nalidixic Acid (0.5->240ug/ml, >240ug/ml and >240), co-
trimoxazole (0.25- >240ug/ml, >240ug/ml and |> 240ug/ml), amikacin (0.5-4ug/ml,
2ug/ml and 4ug/ml) and amoxiclav (0.5-4ug/ml, 4ug/ml and 4ug/ml).
The study concluded that the responsipility of E. coli of community acquired urinary
tract infections is noticeably high. The antimicrobial resistance of E. coli to
traditionally used antimicrobial agents was high too.
