Abstract:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a main cause of death in large parts of world.
The aim of this study was to evaluate Coronary Artery Diseases (CAD) in
hypertensive and diabetic patients. The study was conducted in Royal Care and
Sharg-alneil Specialized Hospitals. 150 Patients was enrolled in the study, their
age ranged (20-90) 100 cases of cardiac catheterization and 50 cases of CT
angiography. The data was collected via data sheet and analysed by SPSS and
Excel. The coronary artery calcium score was assessed with the application of
dedicated software. Coronary artery calcium was identified as a dense area in
the coronary artery exceeding the threshold of 130 Hounsfield units. Coronary
arteries were reviewed in consensus by two experienced radiologists and a
cardiologist; segments were evaluated for the presence of any atherosclerotic
plaque using axial images and curved multiplanar reconstructions in various
planes. One coronary plaque was assigned per coronary segment. CAD was
defined as coronary atherosclerosis, with either nonobstructive or obstructive
lesions. As the cutoff for whether or not a lesion was obstructive, a threshold of
50% luminal narrowing was used.
The result of the study showed that male was affected more than female,
diabetic patients were more affected than hypertensive patients. The diagnostic
finding showed highest frequency for mild stenosis of coronary artery. Most of
patients were considered normal left and right coronary artery. Furthermore,
calcium score values ranged between (0 – 803) units. The correlation between
the calcium score and risk factor was found to be significant in diabetes at (p<
0.05) with no significant relation seen in other patient groups. No significant
correlations were found between increasing of Calcium Score values and aging
and obesity.
CCTA is useful in detection of CAD in patients with DM and hypertension,
either with or without symptoms of atypical chest pain.
