Abstract:
Respiratory diseases of camel especially pneumonia continue to be a major problem
commonly encountered in camel. In this study, 45 pneumonic lungs from one
humped camels with different sex and ages ranging from six months to 15 years and
originated from different states of the Sudan including Kassala, Al Gedarif, Kordofan
and Darfur these were subjected to isolation, identification of bacteria and
determination of the pathological changes. The isolates were then fully confirmed by
biochemical identification using conventional and automated techniques including
API kits and automated system Vitek2 Compact. 80 bacterial isolates were recovered,
they were: 15 (18.75%) S. aureus, 7 (8.75%) S. epidermedius, 5 (6.25%) S. warrner,
1 (1.25%) S. heamolyticus, 6(7.5%) Str. pneumonia, 5(6.25%) Str. pyogenes,
1(1.25%) Str. suis 11(13.75) E. coli, 3(3.75%) Coryneulcerans, 1(1.25%) C.
amycolatum, 1(1.25%) Actinomyces naeslandii, Actinomyces pyogenes, 9(11.25%) K.
pneumonia, 7(8.75%) Ps. aeruginosa, 2(2.5%) Aeromonas salmonicida, 1(1.25%)
Burkhorder iacepacia, 2(2.5%) Bacillus spp and 1(1, 25%) Flacklamia homonis. The
histopathological changes were emphysema with an incidence of 25 (55.6%),
atelectasis in 24 (53.3%), haemorrhge in 20 (44.4%), oedema in 19 (42.2%) ,
inflammatory changes represented by fibrinous pneumonia in 25 (55.6%), purulent
bronchopneumonia in 13 (28.9%), Aspiration pneumonia in 10 (22.2%), interstitial
pneumonia 9 (20%) and abscesses in 4 (8.9%) and Tumors in 3 (6.7%). Pneumonia
is known in camel as complex multifactorial disease in which bacterial, viral,
mycoplasma and fungal infections combine with other predisposing factors such as
rearing systems, stress factors, climatic changes, and unhygienic conditions.
Identification of the pneumonic pathogens in the present work cleared that Staph.
aureus, was the most pneumonic bacteria isolated from lung tissue at rate of 18.75%
