Assessment of plasma levels Magnesium and Zinc in Sudanese Diabetic Patients

Abstract

The level of trace elements, magnesium and zinc were monitored in 80 diabetic patents and in 20 apparently non diabetic subjects in order to study the impact of diabetes mellitus diseases on the status of these trace elements 3 and to discuss the i of the diabetic patents and to discuss the beneficial of impact the up normality levels of these trace elements on the health of diabetic patients of the elements to the diabetic patents. The results obtained were as follows. Control subjects presented with adequate levels of blood glucose of a mean of 80 mg/dl, while diabetic patients presented with high level of blood glucose of amine of 214.25 mg/dl, p values of 0.000 at 0.05 level of significancy . Glycosylated sated hemoglobin (Hb A1C) measurements in diabetic patients, also showed that control group maintained normal percentage of HbA1C, being 5.310% while diabetic patient showed abnormal high value 11.52% of HbA1C at p value of 0.000 at 0.05 level of significancy. This result may indicate that the majority of the 80 diabetic patients presented with poor glycemic control. The result also indicated that about 61.25% of the diabetic patients were obese (MBI was more than 30), while 25.75% and 13.75% were lean and underweight respectively. The result of this study also indicated that magnesium level in the dibasic patent was significant reduce compared with control, being 1.285 mg/dl while it was 2.5 mg/dl in control subject a reduction of about 48.6% was seen at p.value 0.011, at 0.05 level of significancy . Zinc also 60.94 mg\dl and 105.50 mg\dl in control and diabetic patients, a reduction 42.8 % of control value was obtained, at p value of 0.000, and 0.05 level of significancy . The findings of this study also showed that diabetic males nearly maintained the same levels of magnesium, zinc, and HbA1C as in females , no significant 4 differences at 0.05 of significancy seen were observed between the means of these parameters in male and female. The levels of trace elements magnesium and zinc were investigated according to the glycemic control of the diabetic patents. It was found that magnesium was positively correlated with HbA1C (r = 0.233, p = 0.037) at 0.05 level (2- tailed) and was weakly negatively correlated with blood glucose (r = -0.235, p = 0.036) at 0.05 level (2- tailed) Zinc on the other hand, showed no correlation with Hb A1C (r= - 0.005, p = 0.967), nor with blood glucose (r = - 0.201, p = 0.074) at 0.05 level (2- tailed). Trace elements magnesium and zinc showed moderate correlation between them in the blood of the diabetic patients (r = 0.343, p= 0.002) at 0.05 level (2- tailed). The results obtained from this study may suggested that supplementation of magnesium and zinc to diabetic patients may be of great beneficial effects and can enhance the glaycemic control by reducing glucose level, decrease percentage of HbA1C and increase insulin sensitivity