https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/27542 2026-04-11T22:10:11Z https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/27894 Effect of Different Packaging Materials and Preservation Temperatures on Pesticide Residues during Storage Periods in Soft Dates (Al-Khalas and Al-Sukkary)Varieties Abdelhakam, Khadir E.; O.Mohammed, Elkheir; H.Farahat, Fatin; H. Suliman, Shafag; M.ElKhir, Nada; O. Sir El Khatim, Mohammed. This study was conducted for the purpose of studying the effect ofsome pesticide residues (Pirimophos-methyle, Diazinon, Bifenthrin and Ethion/ppm) on two varieties of soft dates (Al-Khalas and Al-Sukkary) pack in different packaging materials (plastic and carton), storage at different temperatures (freezer, refrigerator, and room temperature) and storage period nine month The Samples were taken from a farm in the Qassim area in Saudi Arabia after harvesting and some pesticide residues were tested. Result showed that the rate of analysis was no significant different (P≥0.05) for type of pesticides (Pirimophos-methyle, Diazinon, Bifenthrin and Ethion/ppm) for all date varieties during the storage period and storage temperature on carton and plastic packaged, but there was a significant different (P≤ 0.05) between two types of pesticide (Cypermethrin and Bromopropylate/ppm) on packaging materials (plastic and carton) during storage periods and storage temperatures where higher value was recorded in Al-Sukkary variety (0.000056 ppm) and lower in Al-Khalas variety (0.000016 ppm) for a first type, while another type was recorded higher value in Al-Khalas variety (0.00442 ppm) and lower value in Al-Sukkary variety(0.00424 ppm). 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/27893 Performance of Maize (Zea Mays L.) under Different Sowing Methods and Intra-Row Spacing Mohammed Ahmed Hamid, Abdelrahman; Mohammed Ibrahim Dagash, Yasin; Osman Yagoub Ali, Samia; Ali Farah, Gafar; Aldawla Abdel Motalib Ahmed, Gamar; Ahmed Ali, Osman Field experiments were conducted in demonstration farm of the college of Agricultural studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Shambat, Khartoum North, Sudan, to study the effects of sowing methods and intra-row spacings on some agronomic characteristics of Maize crop, Hudeiba I cultivar, seasons 2019/20 and 2020/21, including plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index, number of rows/ear, number of seeds/ row, number of grains per Ear, 1000-grains weight and grain yield (t.ha-1), were conducted. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design in split plot arrangement with three replications. Main plot were sowing methods (drilling, ridging and terrace). Subplots were intra-row spacing of (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm). Sowing methods and intra-row spacing had significant effects on plant height, number of seeds per ear, and grain yield. Row spacing had non-significant effects on stem sickness, number of rows per cob and 1000-grain weight. Intra-row spacing at 20 cm was gave the highest grain yield (6.99 t.ha-1) and the same intra-row spacing 20 cm combined with ridging sowing method were gave the maximum grain yield, so they were achieved (8.33 t.ha-1). Intra-row spacing (10 cm) in combination with terrace sowing method were produced the lower grain yield (3.53 t.ha-1), and intra-row spacing 10 cm with drilling sowing method were gave the highest plant height in both two seasons, they were achieved 190.13 cm. It’s clear that plant height increased with decrease in intra-row spacing. Stem diameter decreased with decrease in intra-row spacing. 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/27780 Assessment of the Quality of Food Services for Oranges Fruits Provided in Hospitals at Khartoum and Omdurman States Mustafa, M. A.; E. K. Abdelhakam, Khadir; H.O. Farahat, Fatin; H. M. Suliman, Shafag; M.ElKhir, Nada This study aimed to assess the quality of food services provided to patients in hospitals and identify causes of quality problems in fruits. Samples of oranges fruits were collected for the study. Four hospitals in Khartoum and Omdurman were selected, two of which were private (Royal Care and Alamal) and two were governments (Omdurman and Alnaow). To identify the cause of the change in nutritional value and food quality, samples were collected throughout the food chain in hospitals raw food phase, storage phase, preparation phase, treatment phase, and presentation phase. The physiochemical properties moisture, protein, oil, ash, acidity, and pH were measured, with the highest value (37.31%) at Omdurman Hospital and the lowest value (84.01%) at Alamal Hospital for humidity in the preparation stage. In the storage phase, the Royal Care Hospital had the highest protein record of 0.32%, and in the preparation phase, Alnaow Hospital had record the lowest at 0.15%, The highest oil measurement rate in the treatment phase was 0.66% at Alnaow Hospital, at least in the preparation phase, and 0.11% at the Royal Care Hospital, and the highest ash measurement rate in the presentation phase was 0.32% at Royal Care Hospitals, at least in the presentation phase at Alnaow Hospital. The highest pH rate in the presentation stage was 0.61% at Royal Care Hospital, at least at the stage. Treatment at Alamal Hospital is 0.26%. In comparison, Alamal Hospital treated at 0.26%. The highest pH measurement rate at Alamal Hospital was 4.60 % during the treatment phase, and the lowest was 4.25 percent during the presentation stage. Bacterial count showed a significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) during each stage. At all stages of the food chain, the level of yeast, mold, colon bacteria, and salmonella did not differ statistically. In light of the above, it was clear that the health safety associated with these hospitals was satisfactory. 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/27674 Effect of Breed and Management System on the Production and anti-bacterial Effect of IgY A. E, Mohamed; M. T, Ibrahim The high concentration of immunoglobulin yolk (IgY) found in the egg yolk is the major antibody produced by chickens. IgY have been applied successfully for scientific, diagnostic purposes and for alternative of mammalian antibodies. The effect of poultry breed (Hisex, Sudanese Baladi) and management system (Semi-closed and Traditional) on the production and antibacterial effect of IgY was investigated. The IgY concentration was determined by modification of polyethylene glycol method (PEG). The result reveal that, the egg weight (g) and IgY (mg/ml- yolk) were significantly higher in Hisex than Sudanese Baladi. While the yolk volume (ml) and IgY (mg/g-egg) were significantly lower in Hisex compared to Baladi. The result also revealed that the bird kept under Semi close produces significantly heavier egg compared to bird kept under Traditional system but significantly lower on IgY (mg/g-egg). IgY have antibacterial effect against bacteria (E. coli ,Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas).Irrespective of the breed and management system IgY showed antibacterial (E. coli, Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas) effect. 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z