https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/16299 2026-04-11T15:03:28Z https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/17143 Effect of housing conditions on the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in dairy farms in Kassala State, Sudan E.A, Ayman; M. Ahmed2, Abbas; Abdelaziz Four hundred and nine (409) milk producing cows , from 32 resident farms in Kassala city, Elgash area, Fato and New Halfa sugar farm, were subjected to Comparative Cervical Tuberculin Test CCTT to determine the effect of ventilation, hygiene, tick free, square available for animal head (AH), exposure to sun rays and nutritional balance factors on the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis. Every factor had three criteria that required obtaining the highest score (3), according to the availability of one or two criteria the factor gave score (1) and score (2) respectively and scoring zero in case of absence of the three criteria. The results of this study showed that the differences between the results of CCTT in score1and score 2 for ventilation and exposure to sun rays were all significant (P = 0·000) and Article 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/17142 Le non verbal et l’enseignement/apprentissage d’une langue étrangère Mohamed Adam, Bachir Le non verbal est un phénomène culturel partagé par des personnes parlant une même langue ou des langues différentes. La compétence de communication ne limite pas à la capacité de comprendre ou de produire des messages verbaux, mais elle porte également sur l’ensemble des éléments non verbaux, qui présentent une unité essentielle pour faciliter la compréhension et renforcer les messages. Le non verbal est une façon de s’exprimer corporellement, par des gestes, des mimiques, hochements de tête,… Nous avons montré la classification des éléments non verbaux et leurs avantages et importance dans une classe de langue. En fait, maitriser la communication non verbale permet d’attirer plus facilement l’attention de son interlocuteur et d’instaurer un climat de confiance et de compréhension. L’intégration des éléments non linguistiques dans la pratique de classe dès le début de l’apprentissage d’une langue étrangère s’avère nécessaire. Il est utile d’initier les apprenants aux éléments non verbaux propres à la culture française pour bien harmoniser leurs discours avec les éléments non verbaux adéquats et pour bien comprendre le comportement non verbal effectué par un Francophone. Ainsi, montre-t-on aux Article 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/17140 Drug Resistance Pattern of Salmonella Isolated from Poultry dropping in Khartoum North Alseed, Alnazeer; Rodwan, K; Mohamed, Layla I Two hundred dropping samples were collected from ten poultry farms throughout Khartoum North. The samples were investigated for the presence of Salmonella. Sixty four Salmonella isolates were obtained and confirmed by biochemical tests, these were 7 isolates of Salmonella arizonea, 10 isolates of Salmonella choleraesuis, 18 isolates of Salmonella gallinarum, 23 isolates of Salmonella pullorum and 6 isolates of Salmonella typhi. The results of sensitivity test reflected high antibiotic resistance. Salmonella isolates varied in their sensitivity from one antibiotic to another. 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/17139 Estimation of the Prevalence of Ehrlichia ruminantium in Amblyomma spp. and Blood of Domestic Ruminants in the Sudan by Conventional PCR Based on pCS20 Gene Region Hassan, Sayed; Samir, Elhussein; Abdelrahman, Mazahir This study was carried out to investigate molecular epidemiology of heartwater in the Sudan by assessing prevalence of infection in domestic ruminants and the vector tick of the genus Amblyomma using the standard PCR technique based on the pCS20 gene. Four hundred and sixty samples were collected from different regions in the Sudan. They included 190 Amblyomma lepidum and 100 Amblyomma variegatum ticks, and 50, 60 and 50 blood samples from cattle, sheep and goats respectively. The samples were tested with pCS20 PCR. The infection rate of E. ruminantium was 15.3% (29/190) and 14% (14/100) in A. lepidum and A. variegatum, respectively. The prevalence of E. ruminantium in the blood samples was 6.7% (4/60), 4% (2/50) and 8.3% (5/60) from cattle, sheep and goats, respectively. It defined the spatial distribution and prevalence of E. ruminantium in the vector population and domestic ruminants and provided an accurate assessment of the potential risk of heartwater to livestock in some endemic regions in the Sudan. This study has proved the way for a national program for the investigation of the epidemiology of heartwater in the Sudan.  2013 Sudan University of Science and Technology. All rights reserved Article 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z