https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/1284 2026-04-06T03:05:21Z https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/28274 Integration of intelligent building envelope techniques as a system to Improve Thermal Performance of Multi-story Buildings in the Hot Dry Climate of Khartoum Gismalla, Mohammed Dafalla Ahmed; Supervisor, -Saud Sadig Hassan The recent concept of thermal performance improvement attracted all the researchers and building architects to switch over from the present practice of mechanical systems to environmental methods of performance improvement methods in an efficient modern way. This study has employed performance analysis tools, namely Energy Plus, CFD, and Grasshopper with DIVA plug-in. The research was carried out on a theoretical office building is a rectangular-shaped ten-story building designed as an open plan office with a surface of 552m2 and height of 4m. This research focused on improving the performance of the building façade, double-skin facade technique was used as a tool to improve the thermal performance, where a detailed analysis of its thermal behavior and performance in hot-dry climate for the best and most effective DSF alternatives was carried out. Thermal modeling was carried out on three DSFs alternatives (shaft type, corridor type, and combined shaft-corridor DSF type) in comparison with the base case single-skin facade, and well-designed single-skin facade (WSS). The simulation results showed, the total cooling load has been reduced by 5% in the well-design single-skin facade, 15% in the combined shaft-corridor DSF, and by almost 4.4% and 7% in the shaft and corridor types, respectively. And then further investigation possibilities to improve the thermal performance level by applying the two techniques have been conducted (airflow promotion and convective heat transfer reduction). Firstly, investigation possibilities to improve the office airflow by modifying the combined DSF configuration system have been conducted. The strategies include; modifying openings size, shaft height, and cavity depth, where the following findings are tabulated (A DSF system with openings vs. cavity depth. As the opening size increased, the performance improved with the same cavity depth, A DSF system with the opening size vs. shaft height. Increasing the shaft height improved the thermal performance and as the shaft height increases, and DSF system cavity depth vs. shaft height. As the shaft height increases, the cavity depth should be decreased with a constant opening size). Secondly, the effect of convective heat transfer reduction techniques like orientation, shading devices, and glazing properties are studied. For a PMC blind angle of 80 degrees with high slops comparatively and close to external glass skin, the convective heat transfer for the inner environment due to solar radiation is only 28% of the heat transfers for the case without blinds. According to simulation results, an orientation slightly east of south (typically 15° east of south) is expected more effective in Al-Khartoum city. Also the total cooling load has been reduced by 12% in the Body tinted green glazing and by almost 26% in the Reflective glazing active blue. Finally, the simulation results showed the thermal performance improved by 24.12% when implementing the modified double-skin facade system. Thesis 2022-11-19T00:00:00Z https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/27348 دراسة تاريخية وعالمية في معــــايير عمــــارة المساجد بالتركيز على مساجد الخرطوم الكبرى قريب الله, أحمد الطيب حسن الفاتح; مشرف, -سعود صادق حسن المساجد هي بيوت الله في الأرض، اهتم المعماريون بها وبتفاصيلها وعناصرها ومفرداتها من قديم الزمان، فاصبحت ذات شخصية وسمة واضحة المعالم وقد جاءت مميزة جداً من حيث مساقطها الأفقية وواجهاتها وكتلها وتفاصيلها على اختلاف أرواحها وطرزها المختلفة، البحث يهتم بدراسة معايير تصميم وتنفيذ المساجد ويؤصل لها حتى تحافظ على شخصيتها وشكلها وتبقي عليه كاملاً. ركز الباحث بتسليط الضوء على بعض المساجد من عناصر ومكونات ومفرداتها العالمية والمحلية ذات الطابع المعماري المختلف وما وصلت إليه مع الرجوع إلى ما كانت عليه المساجد الأولى في الإسلام كنقطة مرجعية وطرز تلك المساجد، إذا أن الرجوع إليها يحافظ على نمطها ومعاييرها وأسس تصميمها بالتركيز على مساجد الخرطوم (العاصمة الكبرى) ومقارنة أسس المعايير المستخدم في نموذجنا المحلي. ومن ثم الوصول إلى معايير تلخص لنا أسس تصميم المساجد حتى يصبح معيار ومرشد للتطبيق على المساجد وحتى تؤدى وظيفتها المهمة المرجوة منها دينيا واجتماعياً وتعليمياً وتربوياً وهذا يكون بدراسة النشاطات ثم تصنيف الفراغات وتوزيعها بجانب بعضها البعض لتؤدي الوظيفة ثم دراسة الأشكال والعناصر الخارجية والداخلية ووضعها في أماكنها حتى تضفي الشخصية والشكل (المسجدي – الإسلامي) سواء أن كان هذا الشكل تقليدياً أو من التصميمات المستحدثة (المواكبة للتطور المعماري والعمارة الحديثة). يهدف البحث إلى التدقيق في معايير التصميم والتنفيذ الصحيح للمساجد بقية الوصول للحفاظ على سماتها الإسلامية المعمارية وهو ما اظهرته تفاصيل الدراسة، وقد اتخذ البحث منهجاً تحليلياً بدراسة بعض المساجد منذ حقبة المسجد الحرام والمسجد النبوي والمسجد الأقصى ومن بعدها مروراً وتدرجاً بمساجد الحقب الإسلامية الأولى وحتى المساجد الحديثة بعصرنا هذا، ومعرفة تفاصيل عناصرها ومفرداتها. توصل البحث إلى نتائج رئيسة وقام الباحث بتحليلها ومناقشتها من خلال عينات من مساجد الخرطوم الكبرى حيث تلخصت في التأصيل لها واعطائها شكل شخصيتها المسجدية بإضفاء العناصر والمفردات التي فصلها وخلص إليها البحث. ثم أهم التوصيات التي خرج بها البحث كالعناية بعمارة المساجد القديمة بروحها ونمطلها وطرازها الفريد، والابقاء على كل مفرداتها وعناصرها ومعالمها، وكذا الاهتمام والمحافظة على شخصية المساجد المصممة والمنفذة مستقبلاً بكل تفاصيلها ومعاييرها التي ذكرها البحث. والتي تساعد بدورها في تصميم وتنفيذ مساجد تفي بالوظيفة وتحافظ على روح وشكل تلكم الطرز من عمارة المساجد. رسالة دكتوراة 2021-11-18T00:00:00Z https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/27044 Exploring the Potentialities of Industrialized Building System as an Appropriate Low-Income Housing Alternative in the Sudan Hameed, Omer Saad Ali; Supervisor, -Awad Saad Hassan Mohammed Housing provision for the poor is one of the major challenges facing governments in developing countries including Sudan. The acute housing problem in Sudan can be due to a number of limitations including lack of finance, shortages of processed building materials, lack of experienced labor force, limited construction technologies, and poor transportation means. The aim of this research is to investigate the potential of industrialized building technology for low-cost housing provision in Sudan. The methodology consists of a theoretical background (2nd hand data - literature review) and 1st hand data (interviews, case study, and survey questionnaires); analysis, and evaluation. Finally, a survey questionnaire is used to apply the developed matrix through rating the performance of conventional and industrialised building systems according to each factor of the identified criteria. Data will be analysed quantitatively and qualitatively to identify the feasibility of either building system for housing the poor in Sudan. The study surveys are comprised of three aspects; developing the analysis framework, formulating and conducting/issuing, both the interviews and the questionnaires. The Multi-Criteria Comparative Feasibility Matrix (MCCFM) is the analysis tool adopted for comparative analysis between the two building systems. The survey is based on the MCCFM tool as the interviews add an aspect of importance and the questionnaires provide an aspect of performance. The survey is important as the factors must be analysed through the performance of either building system. The Data analysis objective is comprised of three aspects, thus; applying the analysis framework, graphing the results, and commentary, and analysis on the results. Applying the analysis framework entails the processing of the data obtained from the interviews and questionnaires and applying such data into the MCCFM analysis tool so that it derives a final value that reflects the value of the feasibility. The MCCFM multiplies the values of importance with the values of performance; this is done for each factor of the criteria and for each building system respectively. The conclusions score for each respective factor of each building system. This is done for each of the three matrices) government, contractor, and end-user). The score reflects the value of each building system with the respective criteria. These scores are summed up together to derive a final score for each perspective group, then those scores are summed together to derive a final score for the whole study. The building system with the highest score is deemed the best option. The study recommends that the government adopt industrial building technology as an effective and alternative solution for housing the poor in Sudan. The study also aims to support government initiatives to house the poor in Sudan. The research work presented in this study is real and has never been done before in Sudan. The results of the study are highly debatable because of its importance, its importance to government-subsidized housing objectives, its effective effects on the initiative, and its performance for low-income housing in Sudan. Keywords: Social housing, Conventional construction system, industrial construction system, analytical tools, sustainable development. Thesis 2021-09-02T00:00:00Z https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/24136 SPACE STANDARDS AND SOCIO-CULTURAL ASPECTS OF HOUSING DESIGN Mohammedani, Rahman Mustafa; Supervisor, Hasan Yasein Badawi Dwelling area and spaces are important aspects, in designing the house or in choosing suitable type of housing for dwellers. Space area affects the use of space negatively or positively to achieve the required needs and activities, we must put in mind adequate space for storage, movements, and furniture within our space. The research reviewed and examined the study problem, which it is the focus of architecture designers and planners on criteria of the housing quantitative aspect, and lack of focus on the qualitative aspect criteria by reducing the service’s areas and room space in a manner, that does not fit inhabitants’ socio- cultural aspects, also they reduce the housing space so that there is no available space to allow for future expansion to suit their conditions in buildings constructed by the Housing Development Fund (HDF)in Greater Khartoum. The objective of this study is to ensure and confirm the interest in the quality of housing by providing housing space standard code for architects and planner in public and private sector. Another objective of this research is to give estimate standards, guidance areas and qualities for acceptable residential space and layout standards, by designing a program using computer languages give the establishment and determination residential spaces standard rates, and determine the minimum and maximum room areas , occupancy rates, space dimensions, and predictability in the future to build up space in the different types of house, so as to suit their activities according to their cultural and social demands. The research reviewed with the study problem by surveying methods, using questionnaire and, site observation together with formal and informal interviews selected inhabitants in the different types of residential buildings and projects types that were designed and implemented by the Housing Development Fund in Greater Khartoum (HDF). 230 houses have been studied taken strafed random samples within 10 residential districts in Greater Khartoum, including different types of houses implemented before the year 2013 focus on low-income housing group. Spatial analysis method was used as a data analysis methodology in the house design drawings. The socio-culture data was translated into numerical system and presented in a form of tables and graphs to be read, questionnaire data analyze by statistical analysis methodology. The conceptual framework of the Sudanese housing spaces Space standards code (SHSS) model was organized in a matrix structure using PhP. programming language based on 4 considerations that conclude from theoretical and practical analysis of the research problem. Housing Space standard model is a software program get it in internet, it is easy to use by the planners and designers in new residential projects, also it can use by citizen to view the shape and design of spaces and future expansion of the house horizontally or horizontally that suit the family taking into account the economic factor. The program also provides different options and alternatives for housing types of spaces, area, proportions and distances required, and it can contribute to the public participation house type preference according to socio- cultural composition. The research recommended at both the level of planning and house design in the public and private sectors the need for population's acceptance, cultural awareness, acceptance of living in high density housing, to extent the horizontal expansion of Grater Khartoum, the importance of establishing laws governing ownerships share in one building and encourage citizens to own small areas to and secure their rights, and to benefit from other countries experiences in solving the problem of low-income housing, and housing density problem focusing on low and medium income housing. The research also recommended the establishment of Sudanese housing space standard code (SHSS) through an integrated program to provide a clear set of standards, guidance in the form of minimum areas and dimensions for acceptable residential space standard and layout alternatives and options in different housing type and style. Also it encouraged developing different types of housing starting from the traditional type. Key word: Space standard, Housing, House design, Socio-cultural, Housing Development Fund, housing Space standard code, Low-income housing, Greater Khartoum, family, Area Thesis 2018-01-10T00:00:00Z