https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/16247 2026-04-11T15:02:34Z 2026-04-11T15:02:34Z Ahmed , Hayder Elamin Ali , Eltom Elsadig https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/16257 2017-05-01T09:16:51Z 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z

Effect of burning on vegetation and range carrying capacity in clay and sandy soils in north Kordofan State, Sudan Ahmed , Hayder Elamin; Ali , Eltom Elsadig This study was conducted in Northern Kordofan State, Sudan during the seasons 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 to investigate the effects of burning on vegetation performance and range carrying capacity in clay and sandy soils. Four sites were selected in the study area; burned in clay soil, unburned in clay soil, burned in sandy soil and unburned in sandy soil. Vegetation cover, species composition, forage productivity and range carrying capacity were measured in each site. The results showed that plant cover was higher than the other types of cover in burned area in clay soil and in unburned area in sandy soil. Cover of litter was higher in unburned area in both soils. In sandy soil, bare soil was higher in burned site, while in clay soil there was slight increase in bare soil in unburned site. Rock cover was observed only in sandy soil. The plant Oryza longistaminata was dominant in clay soil with higher percentage in burned site associated with Cyperus rotundus and Lippia multiflora with higher percentage in unburned area. The sandy soil was dominated by Aristida mutabilis, Cenchrus biflorus, Eragrostis tremula, Zornia gluchidiata and Fimbristylis dichotomo with 5% or more. The plants Zornia gluchidiata and Fimbristylis dichotomo were higher in unburned site in the two seasons, while the effect of burning on Aristida mutabilis, Cenchrus biflorus was not consistent in the two seasons. Forage productivity and carrying capacity were higher in the unburned sites and the clay soil. article

2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Mohamed , M. A. Mohammed , H. I. Abbas , O. M. https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/16258 2017-05-01T09:21:48Z 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z

Utilization of optimization model for machinery planning in multi-crop farms in wad salman project-sudan Mohamed , M. A.; Mohammed , H. I.; Abbas , O. M. Farm machinery management plays an important role in agricultural production because machinery contribute a major capital input cost in most agricultural business. Hence, improvement of farming system depends on development of a planning strategy that considers the determination of optimum machinery sets and power units in order to reduce farm expenses, manage agricultural machines efficiently, schedule field operations effectively and timely and decrease crop losses.To achieve these objectives a machinery management optimization model was utilized to establish machinery service centre for executing mechanized cultural operations for multi-crop farms in Wad Salman Project-Sinnar State-Sudan. Machinery operating programs and their time scheduling in the form of bar chart was generated by application of the model. The schedule of tractors demand and time for running maintenance activities were specified and optimized for the four crop rotation used in Wad Salman Project for seasons 1999/2000 to 2004/2005. Utilization of the model resulted in total direct costs saving of 49 % for the four course rotation. The model succeeded in reducing labor demand by 42%.Tractors distribution efficiency was improved slightly by 2% where the optimization model affected positively the power and machine utilization by 70% and 60%, respectively. article

2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Salih , Mohamed Abdelrahman Mohamed Elfaki , Elyasa Mustafa Basher , Yassir Basher Fadul https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/16254 2017-05-01T08:55:54Z 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z

Assessment of plasma levels of high sensitive c - reactive protein and cholesterol among Sudanese with Type2 diabetes mellitus Salih , Mohamed Abdelrahman Mohamed; Elfaki , Elyasa Mustafa; Basher , Yassir Basher Fadul A case control study was conducted during the period from March 2012 to June 2012 to assess the plasma levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein and cholesterol among Sudanese with type2 diabetes mellitus. Hundred patients with type2 diabetes mellitus were selected as a test group from the Military Hospital and Zenam Diabetes Center in Khartoum state, Sudan. The test group was compared with a control group which included 50 healthy volunteers. Blood specimens were collected from both groups and fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol and high sensitive C-reactive protein were estimated. Age and gender of the test group were matched with the control group. Spectrophotometeric methods were used for measurement of glucose and total cholesterol. glycated hemoglobin was measured by using NycoCard II device and the high sensitive C-reactive protein was measured by using i-CHROMA device. Statistical package for social science (SPSS version 11.5) computer software was used for data analysis. The results indicated a significant increase in the mean of the plasma levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein of the test group when compared with the control group (3.10 �2.69mg/L) versus (0.47� 0.12 mg/L) (p=0.000), and a significant elevation in the mean of plasma levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein in diabetic patients with hypertension when compared with the mean of those without hypertension (7.03� 1.62 mg/L) versus (1.65� 1.06 mg/L) (p=0.000).Also there was a significant elevation of the plasma levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein in females with type2 diabetes mellitus when compared with the mean of diabetic males (3.65�2.92mg/L) versus (2.53�2.34mg/L) (p=0.037). The results indicated a significant, strong positive correlation between high sensitive C-reactive protein in type2 diabetic patients and fasting blood glucose (r=0.91, p=0.000), glycated hemoglobin (r=0.88, p=0.000), body mass index (0.91, p=0.000) and the total cholesterol (r=0.78, p=0.000). article

2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Zakaria , Ali Ahmed Osman Mugaddam , Abdel Rahim Hamid Eldouma , Salaheldin Adam Ahmed https://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/16255 2017-05-01T09:01:39Z 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z

An Assessment of the written performance of the sudanese English as a foreign languege university learners: A communicative approach to writing Zakaria , Ali Ahmed Osman; Mugaddam , Abdel Rahim Hamid; Eldouma , Salaheldin Adam Ahmed This study investigated the written performance of the Sudanese English as a foreign languege (EFL) students. The study aims to assess the written texts produced by the students in order to find out how successful they are in their use of writing as a mechanism through which meaning is communicated. To achieve the aim of the study, the researcher employed the analytic descriptive method. The subject of the study consisted of 65 Sudanese EFL teachers drawn from some Sudanese universities and 240 fourth level students who were taking English as their major in five Sudanese universities. Three tools were used for data collection: writing test, two questionnaires (one for the teachers and the other for the students) and an interview with the students. By using the statistical program SPSS, the study revealed that Sudanese EFL students did not possess the ability to cope with the different modes of writing. This makes them unable to develop an understanding of how to employ the linguistic, cultural and social knowledge to develop an idea into a meaningful and comprehensive written text. The study also showed that students were not able to depend on the strategies of writing so that they could produce texts which stimulate readers and keep their attention. Furthermore, the study revealed that the students were not prepared to benefit from their teachers and peers while they are writing; they never asked for advice or any clarification but did their writing individually. Moreover, the study has reached the conclusion that the students� inability to know what the readers know and what they want represents one of the factors that lead students to produce less informative written texts. The study concluded that the poor communicative competence the students possess stems from different factors: (1) the instruction the students received in writing did not revolve around the issues that enable them to develop their abilities as writers, (2) the students were not motivated enough to exert efforts and seek opportunities to engage into deliberate writing and intensive reading so that they can promote their writing abilities, (3) the environment in which writing is done did not enhance and foster students' ability to create writing which is sophisticated and communicative in nature, (4) teachers also did not encourage these students to view writing as a mechanism through which meaning is negotiated, and (5) the sorts of feedback these students received on their writing do not contribute to the development of students' writing proficiency. To help the students develop their writing skills, teachers should help the students be knowledgeable about the different modes of writing and be knowledgeable about the lexical and grammatical structures required by each mode. Teachers also need to help the students develop the linguistic skills they need in the process of writing so that they can produce effective and comprehensive written texts. article

2012-01-01T00:00:00Z