Effect of Lactation Stages on Physicochemical Characteristics of Damascus (Shami) Cuprus Goats Milk

Abstract

The study was conducted to determine the composition and Physicochemical Characteristics of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats in different lactation periods in Sudanese Environment, The data was collected from the Zakat farm in Elrodwan complex located in Omdurman in Khartoum state Which is located in the semi arid zone. The farm was established as breeding farm Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats. The goats were milked by hand twice a day (morning and evening). Milk samples were taken separately from the breed groups during the morning in Sterilization labeled bottle and kept in the refrigerator at 4ºC. Samples of milk were immediately collected by using Composition of milk and Physicochemical determine the chemical composition (total solids, non-fat solids, fat, protein, lactose and ash), minerals (Calcium, phosphorus and Iron) and physical characteristics (Specific gravity, titratable acidity, pH, viscosity, Electrical conductivity, refractive index and freezing point). This study revealed not significant differences (P<0.001) in chemical composition (total solids, non-fat solids, fat, protein, lactose and ash), minerals (Calcium, phosphorus and Iron) and physical characteristics (Specific gravity, titratable acidity, pH, viscosity, Electrical conductivity, refractive index and freezing point) The total solids content of Cyprus shami goat milk for begin, mid and end of lactation production were 12 %, 11.5% and 11.3% respectively. The protein content of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats milk for begin , mid and end lactation production were 3.5 % , 3.4% and 3.2% respectively .The lactose content of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats milk for begin , mid and end lactation production were 3.6 % , 3.4% and 3.2% respectively. The fat content of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats milk for begin, mid and end lactation production were 4 %, 4% and 4.1% respectively. The protein content of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats milk for early, mid and end lactation production were 0.8 %, 0.75% and 0.78% respectively. The Calcium content of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats milk for begin, mid and end lactation production were 0.2%. the phosphorus content of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats milk for begin , mid and end lactation production were 0.08,0.1 and 0.1 the Iron content of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats milk for begin , mid and end lactation production were 0.383, 0.547 and 0.547 respectively .The Titratable acidity of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats milk for begin , mid and end lactation production were 0.15 % , 0.16% and 0.17% respectively. The pH of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats milk for begin, mid and end lactation production were 6.6 %, 6, 4 % and 6.5 % respectively. The viscosity of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats milk for begin , mid and end lactation production were 1.66 , 1.82 and 1.86 respectively .The Electrical conductivity of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats milk for early , mid and end lactation production were 0.010 respectively. The refractive index of Cyprus shami goat milk for begin, mid and end lactation production were 1,352, 1.458 and 1.458 respectively. Freezing point of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats milk for begin, mid and end lactation production were -0.54, -0.54 and -0.55 respectively The physicochemical properties and characteristics of Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats milk could be use for dairy goat industries as well as for marketing the products .Establishment of a research center for Damascus (Shami) Cyprus goats in Khartoum state to improve local Sudanese goats, because goats play an important role in the economics of some population groups in Khartoum state.