Abstract:
This study was conducted in Khartoum State, more specifically in a
dairy farm at (Tebna ) area. The purpose of the study was to formulate a
ration which satisfies the needs of dairy cattle in terms of maintenance and
production, with least cost.
The study compared the needs of dairy cattle in terms of maintenance
and production as well as knowing the amounts and types of feeds which are
provided to cattle in the farm, and whether these satisfy the needs of dairy
cattle. In addition to that, the study aimed at balancing the ration with
respect to the major nutrients, metabolizable energy and protein while
keeping lowest possible costs.
Data were collected from the farm and some individual owners of
farms were interviewed.
The types of feeds used in the farm were studied and analyzed
chemically. These were: Syamposis tetragonolobus meal (Guar), Sorghum
bicolor (Crushed Sorghum grain), Molasses, Green Sorghum bicolor var.
Abu 70, Arachis hypogaea cake (Groundnut), Vicia faba straw( Broad
bean),Arachis hypogea straw (Groundnut),Triticum aestivum (Wheat bran),
and Babiker mix. Besides, the quantity of crude protein and metabolizable
energy were determined. Then, cow milk production was determined as well
as the feed that was given to cows daily.
VIII
The study found that the daily quantity of protein given to cows
exceeded their needs by 60% and also the quantity of energy exceeded needs
by 30%. That is means 60% of the protein and 30% of the energy are extra
than the needs of the cows, indicating unjustified additional cost.
A ration was formulated that should meet maintenance and production
requirements of the cows with the least cost.
This study recommends that farm owners should consult nutrition
specialists, in order to avoid giving their cows more food than needed, and
hence more expenses. They should also analyze the feeds given to their cows
so as to know the quantity of protein and energy in it.
