Assessment of Zinc Level in Pregnant Women and its Relations to Lipid Profile

Abstract

This study was conducted in medical core hospital, in Khartoum state during period from April to August 2013. Objectives: To evaluate Zinc level in pregnant women and its relation with plasma triglyceride , total cholesterol ,HDL -cholesterol and LDL- cholesterol among Sudanese pregnant women in Khartoum state. Materials and methods: Blood sample were collected from 110 pregnant women (30 in first ,30 in second trimester and 50 in third trimesters). In additional to 30 fertile non pregnant as control group,for comparison of zinc and lipid profile .Plasma znic was estimated by atomic absorption , and the lipid profile were estimated by colorimeter . Indirect LDL-cholesterol were calculated via the Friedewald formula. Result: The study showed significant decrease in zinc levels in the first and second and third trimesters in the test group when compared with reference group(0.44 ± 0.07 versus 0.68 ± 0.11 , 0.42 ± 0. 06 versus 0.68 ± 0.11 and 0.40 + 0.8 versus 0.68 + 0.11 mg/dl respectively) , (p≤ 0.00). Also the study illustrated significant decrease in first trimester and increase in triglyceride in the second and third trimesters (94.8 ± 14.4 versus 105 ± 16.4 mg/dl, 108 ± 11.16 versus 105± 16.4 mg/dl, and 120 ± 17.6 versus 105± 16.4 mg/dl respectively), (p ≤ .000). Significant increase in total cholesterol was recorded in first and second and third trimesters when compare with control group (189.4 ± 6.5 versus 160.0±16.6 mg/dl, 190.5 ± 14.3 versus 160.0 ± 16.6 mg/dl, and 191 ± 16.4 versus 160.0 ± 16.6 mg/dl respectively) ,(P ≤ 0.00 ).The study showed significant increase LDL-cholesterol in the three trimester (148.8 ± 7.9 versus 112.0 ± 17.0 mg/dl, 153.2 ± 15.0 versus 112.0 ± 17.0 mg/dl, and 155.1 ± 185 versus 112.0 ± 17.0 mg/dl respectively),( p ≤ 0.00). In contrast HDL-cholesterol is significantly decreased in the three trimester (40.5±8.1 versus 48.0 ± 6.2 mg/dl, 37.4±6.8 versus 48.0 ± 6.2 mg/dl, and 35.8±8.0 versus 48.0 ± 6.2 mg/dl respectively), ( p≤ 0.00 ).The study noticed significant positive correlation between znic and HDL- cholesterol in the three trimester of the test group (p≤ 0.05). Whereas znic is significantly negatively correlated with LDL-cholesterol in the three trimester of the test group (p≤ 0.05 ), and triglyceride and total cholesterol recorded insignificant negative correlation with znic in the three trimester of the test group (p≥ 0.05), Conclusion: The study demonstrated decreased znic and HDL- cholesterol level, and increased triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL- cholesterol in pregnant women. The decreases or increases is exacerbated as gestational age increases.