Abstract:
This study was carried out in Khartoum State during the period from
November 2008 to December 2008, to isolate Enterobacter cloacae from
urine and wound specimens and to determine its antimicrobial resistance.
Two hundred and two urine
specimens and one hundred and twelve
wound specimens were collected from patients suffering from UTI and
wound infections. The specimens were cultured on MacConkey's agar and
blood agar for primary isolation of the pathogen. Identification of the
isolates was done by colonial morphology, Gram's stain and biochemical
tests using API 20 E.
Modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was adopted to determine
the resistance rate of Enterobacter cloacae to antimicrobial agents.
Minimum inhibitory concentrations of amoxicillin, co-trimoxazole,
amoxyclav, ciprofloxacin, ticarcillin, amikacin, and ceftriaxone were
determined by E.test.
Out of three hundred and fourteen urine and wound specimens
investigated, only 13 (4.1%) Enterobacter cloacae isolated. Out of these
7(3.5%) were isolated from urine specimens and 6(5.4%) were isolated
from wound specimens.
ThThe results revealed that the antimicrobial resistance profile of
Enterobacter cloacae isolated from urine specimens was as follows:
(100%)
to
amoxicillin
and amoxyclav, (71.4%) to co-trimoxazole,
(57.1%) to nalidixic acid and (14.3%) to nitrofurantoin.
In wound specimens the resistance rate was
(100%) to amoxicillin,
(50%) to ticarcillin, (33.3%) to ceftriaxone and (0%) to amikacin and
ciprofloxacin .
The result indicated that the MIC, MIC 50 and MIC90 respectively were
as follows:- co-trimoxazole (0.1->240μg/ml, >240μg/ml and >240μg/ml
), amikacin
(0.1-0.5μg/ml, 0.5μg/ml
and
0.5μg/ml ), ciprofloxacin
(0.001-240μg/ml, 0.001μg/ml and 120μg/ml ), ceftriaxone ( 0.008-
120μg/ml, 0.008μg/ml and
>60μg/ml and
and
1μg/ml ),
ticarcycline ( 2->240μg/ml,
>60μg/ml ), amoxicillin ( 30->240μg/ml, >240μg/ml
>240μg/ml ) and amoxyclav (
>240μg/ml,
>240μg/ml
and
>240μg/ml ).
The study concluded that there is a detection to the responsibility of E.
cloacae as a causative agent of UTI and wound infections in Sudan. The
antimicrobial resistance of E. cloacae was high.
