The Effect of Haemodialysis on Plasma Cholesterol and triglycerides In Sudanese Patients with End- Stage Renal disease (ESRD)

Abstract

This is a prospective study was conducted during the period from October 2004 to December 2005 at Khartoum Center For Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation. 88 patients with end-stage renal disease ESRD under regular haemodialysis (twice a week) were selected randomly with different ages and sexes, to compare the plasma cholesterol and triglycerides pre and post haemodialysis. Plasma cholesterol and triglycerides were measured pre and post haemodialysis in order to assess the effect of haemodialysis on cholesterol and triglycerides concentration. Preliminary investigations obtained from this study revealed that the majority of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were presented with other diseases namely hypertension 73.86 %, diabetes mellitus 11.36 %, renal stone 19.31 %, and also infestation of Hepatitis virus (HBV) were found in a bout 10.22 % of patients with end-stage renal disease. The findings of this study also showed that patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) exhibited have increase plasma cholesterol pre haemodialysis as a result of renal failure and there is a significant increase in the mean of cholesterol post haemodialysis. (Being 148.73 and 169.14 mg/dl before and after haemodialysis respectively. The results of this study showed that plasma triglycerides in patients with end-stage renal disease maintained anon significant increase in the mean of plasma triglycerides post haemodialysis, being 184.48 and 193.74 mg/dl before and after haemodialysis respectively. No statistical difference in plasma cholesterol concentration were found between males and females. The age appeared to have no effect on the level of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides concentration post haemodialysis. The increase of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides among end-stage renal disease under haemodialysis was reported to be due to heparin dose given to the patients before haemodialysis to prevent clot formation in the venous lines, which had aside effects include hyper lipidaemia, thrombocytopenia and allergy (rare). The results indicate that patients with end stage renal disease under regular haemodialysis showed abnormalities of lipid metabolism, the progressive elevation of plasma triglycerides could be relevant to the development of cardiovascular disease in the patients and represent the main causes of death. A concluding from this study that patients under regular haemodialysis had increased plasma cholesterol and may lead to hypercholesterolemia and hence with increase risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease and lead to increase death rate among the patients with end-stage renal disease.