Abstract:
THIS STUDY WAS CONDUCTED DURING THE PERIOD (JULY 2011 -JUNE 2012) TO
ASSESS THE STATE OF MECHANIZATION IN GREENHOUSES IN KHARTOUM
STATE. A SET OF QUESTIONS IN THE FORM OF A QUESTIONNAIRE WERE
PREPARED WHICH INCLUDED PERSONAL DATA, HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND OF THE GREENHOUSES, DESIGN, SHAPE OF THE BUILDING,
THE TYPE OF COVER , LOCATION, TYPE OF SOIL, PROCESSES OF FARMING
THAT TOOK PLACE IN THE HOUSE (THE PREPARATION OF THE LAND,
CULTIVATION, IRRIGATION, FERTILIZATION, PEST CONTROL AND
HARVESTING). THE QUESTIONNAIRE WAS DISTRIBUTED TO A NUMBER OF
FARMERS IN LOCALITIES WHERE THE GREENHOUSES WERE FOUND.
THESE INCLUDED: KHARTOUM BAHRY, OMDURMAN, KHARTOUM NORTH,
EAST NILE AND JABEL AWLIA. THE TOTAL NUMBERS OF FARMS WERE 46
FARMS. SOME OF THESE WERE LARGE HAVING 100 GREENHOUSES WHERE
OTHERS SMALL WITH ONLY 2GREENHOUSES. THESE INCLUDED A NUMBER
OF SINGLE HOUSES 34ANDMULTISPAN 12 HOUSE.............................................LXII
xii
WHEN ANALYZING THE INFORMATION COLLECTED IN THE QUESTIOARE IT WAS
FOUND THAT THE PERCENTAGE OF MALES 82.61% , FEMALE17.39%, AGE
MORE THAN 30 WAS58.69%, THE PERCENTAGE OF THE UNIVERSITY
EDUCATION 93.48%, PERCENTAGE OF TRAINED 76.1%, PERCENTAGE THE
DATE OF BUILDING HOUSE FOR ONE YEAR 36.96%, PERCENTAGE OF
SINGLE HOUSE 73.91% , MULTISPAN 26.09%, THE PERCENTAGE OF
DIRECTION NORTH SOUTH 86.95%, THE PERCENTAGE OF DIMENSIONS
39×9×3.5 WAS 65.45%, THE PERCENTAGE OF TYPES HOUSE QUONSET 69.56%,
THE PERCENTAGE OF PLASTIC COVER 86.95%, THE PERCENTAGE OF SITE
SELECTION NEAR TRANSPORT 43.48%, THE PERCENTAGE OF TYPES SOIL
MIXED 60.87%, THE PERCENTAGE OF HOUSE TILLAGE PLOUGHING 65.22%
THAN SOIL REPLACING 34.78%. AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION WAS
NOT OPTIMAL BECAUSE ONLY15 FARMS 32.61% OUT OF 46 FARMS USED
AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY, IN ALL THE FARMS IRRIGATION
MECHANICAL WAS DONE BY DRIP (100%), PLANTING DONE BY MANUALLY
(100%), FERTILIZATION PART DONE MANUAL (2.17%) AND OTHER WAS
DONE BY MACHINE 97.83%. THE PEST CONTROL WAS DONE BY SPRAYING
PLANTS MANUALLY WITH KNAPSACK SPRAYERS (100%), ALL HARVESTING
WAS CARRIED BY MANUALLY (100%)....................................................................LXII
