Sero-detection of Parvovirus B19 among Apparently Healthy Pregnant Women Attending Al Gadarif Teaching Hospital, Al Gadarif State

Abstract

Parvovirus (B19V) infection in pregnant women is more common and major cause of clinical manifestation during the second trimester, and incidence of B19V infection is known to be main cause of outbreak during the period of winter . This is a descriptive, cross- sectional hospital based study was aimed to detect B19V among apparently healthy pregnant women attending Al Gadarif Teaching Hospital, during the period from February 2020 to February 2021. A total of 94 (n=94) blood specimens were collected to detect the presence anti-B19V IgM and IgG antibodies by Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay. The participants ages ranged from 16 to 45 years with mean age of 31±7.5 SD In relation to age groups; there were 3/5(60%) positive for anti-B19V IgG antibodies in age group 16-27 years, 2/5(40%) were positive for anti-B19V antibodies in age ranged from 36-45 years. There was no significant association between age and B19V infection (P=0.661). About trimester; there were 3/5(60%) in second trimester, 1/5(20%) in the first trimester and 1/5(20%) in third trimester were found positive for anti-B19V antibodies. There was no statistical association between B19V infection and trimester (P=0.888). In this study noted that; the highest frequency of anti-B19V antibodies among women with sickle cell anemia (3/5(60%)), lower in patients with thalassemia and iron deficiency anemias (1\5(20%) for each separately) and not detected among normal hematological status category. There was significant association between hematological status and B19V infection (P=0.001). Furthermore; there were 4/5 (80%) had previous miscarriage and positive for anti- IgG-B19V and 1/5 (20%) hadn't previous miscarriage and positive for anti-B19V. There was significant relationship between previous miscarriage and B19V infection (P=0.001). This study concluded that; anti- IgG-B19V and antibodies was detected in few apparently healthy pregnant women attending Al Gadarif Teaching Hospital.